Abstract
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is a combination product consisting of the semisynthetic antibiotic amoxicillin with the beta-lactamase-inhibitor clavulanic acid as a potassium salt. Clavulanic acid is a naturally occurring beta-lactamase inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus (Brown et al., 1976; Reading and Cole, 1977; see Chapter 13, Beta- Lactamase inhibitors). It contains a beta-lactam ring, and the sulfur of the penicillin thiazolidine ring is replaced with oxygen to form an oxazolidine ring (see Figure 14.1). Clavulanic acid has weak intrinsic beta-lactam activity, but its clinical utility relates to its potent inhibition of many beta-lactamases (Reading et al., 1983) and its ability to protect substrate drugs from hydrolysis (Bush, 1988). The molecular formula of clavulanic acid is C8H8KNO5. Chemically, clavulanate potassium is potassium -(2R,5R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylidine)-7-oxo-4-oxa- 1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane-2-carboxylate and has a molecular weight of 237.25.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Kucers' the Use of Antibiotics |
| Subtitle of host publication | A Clinical Review of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, and Antiviral Drugs, Seventh Edition |
| Editors | M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne Crowe, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson |
| Place of Publication | Boca Raton, FL |
| Publisher | CRC Press |
| Chapter | 14 |
| Pages | 254-279 |
| Number of pages | 26 |
| Volume | 1 |
| Edition | 7th |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781498747967, 9781351648158, 9781315152110 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781498747950 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2017 |
Keywords
- Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid
- antibiotic
- beta-lactamase-inhibitor
- potassium salt
- Streptomyces clavuligerus