TY - JOUR
T1 - Causes of death among females-investigating beyond maternal causes
T2 - A community-based longitudinal study
AU - Melaku, Yohannes Adama
AU - Weldearegawi, Berhe
AU - Aregay, Alemseged
AU - Tesfay, Fisaha Haile
AU - Abreha, Loko
AU - Abera, Semaw Ferede
AU - Bezabih, Afework Mulugeta
PY - 2014/9/10
Y1 - 2014/9/10
N2 - Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residentsBAckgoBackground: In
developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Methods. Under Kilite-Awlealo Health and Demographic Surveillance System, we investigated mortality rates and causes of death in a cohort of female population from 1st of January 2010 to 31st of December 2012. At the baseline, 33,688 females were involved for the prospective follow-up study. Households under the study were updated every six months by fulltime surveillance data collectors to identify vital events, including deaths. Verbal Autopsy (VA) data were collected by separate trained data collectors for all identified deaths in the surveillance site. Trained physicians assigned underlining causes of death using the 10th edition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD). We assessed overall, age- and cause-specific mortality rates per 1000 person-years. Causes of death among all deceased females and by age groups were ranked based on cause specific mortality rates. Analysis was performed using Stata Version 11.1.Results: During the follow-up period, 105,793.9 person-years of observation were generated, and 398 female deaths were recorded. This gave an overall mortality rate of 3.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.41, 4.15) per 1,000 person-years. The top three broad causes of death were infectious and parasitic diseases (1.40 deaths per 1000 person-years), non-communicable diseases (0.98 deaths per 1000 person-years) and external causes (0.36 per 1000 person-years). Most deaths among reproductive age female were caused by Human Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis (0.14 per 1000 person-years for each cause). Pregnancy and childbirth related causes were responsible for few deaths among women of reproductive age - 3 out of 73 deaths (4.1%) or 5.34 deaths per 1,000 person-years.Conclusions: Communicable diseases are continued to be the leading causes of death among all age females. HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis were major causes of death among women of reproductive age. Together with existing efforts to prevent pregnancy and childbirth related deaths, public health and curative interventions on other causes, particularly on HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, should be strengthened.
AB - Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Background:
In developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residentsBAckgoBackground: In
developing countries, investigating mortality levels and causes of
death among all age female population despite the childhood and maternal
related deaths is important to design appropriate and tailored
interventions and to improve survival of female residents.Methods. Under Kilite-Awlealo Health and Demographic Surveillance System, we investigated mortality rates and causes of death in a cohort of female population from 1st of January 2010 to 31st of December 2012. At the baseline, 33,688 females were involved for the prospective follow-up study. Households under the study were updated every six months by fulltime surveillance data collectors to identify vital events, including deaths. Verbal Autopsy (VA) data were collected by separate trained data collectors for all identified deaths in the surveillance site. Trained physicians assigned underlining causes of death using the 10th edition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD). We assessed overall, age- and cause-specific mortality rates per 1000 person-years. Causes of death among all deceased females and by age groups were ranked based on cause specific mortality rates. Analysis was performed using Stata Version 11.1.Results: During the follow-up period, 105,793.9 person-years of observation were generated, and 398 female deaths were recorded. This gave an overall mortality rate of 3.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.41, 4.15) per 1,000 person-years. The top three broad causes of death were infectious and parasitic diseases (1.40 deaths per 1000 person-years), non-communicable diseases (0.98 deaths per 1000 person-years) and external causes (0.36 per 1000 person-years). Most deaths among reproductive age female were caused by Human Deficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis (0.14 per 1000 person-years for each cause). Pregnancy and childbirth related causes were responsible for few deaths among women of reproductive age - 3 out of 73 deaths (4.1%) or 5.34 deaths per 1,000 person-years.Conclusions: Communicable diseases are continued to be the leading causes of death among all age females. HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis were major causes of death among women of reproductive age. Together with existing efforts to prevent pregnancy and childbirth related deaths, public health and curative interventions on other causes, particularly on HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, should be strengthened.
KW - Cause specific mortality rate
KW - Female mortality
KW - Northern Ethiopia
KW - Verbal autopsy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84908461584&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/1756-0500-7-629
DO - 10.1186/1756-0500-7-629
M3 - Article
C2 - 25208473
AN - SCOPUS:84908461584
VL - 7
JO - BMC Research Notes
JF - BMC Research Notes
SN - 1756-0500
M1 - 629
ER -