TY - JOUR
T1 - Circulating bone morphogenetic protein-7 and transforming growth factor-β1 are better predictors of renal end points in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
AU - Wong, Muh Geot
AU - Perkovic, Vlado
AU - Woodward, Mark
AU - Chalmers, John
AU - Li, Qiang
AU - Hillis, Graham
AU - Yaghobian Azari, Dania
AU - Jun, Min
AU - Poulter, Neil
AU - Hamet, Pavel
AU - Williams, Bryan
AU - Neal, Bruce
AU - Mancia, Giuseppe
AU - Cooper, Mark
AU - Pollock, CA
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - Albuminuria and a reduced glomerular filtration rate are conventional predictors of a future decline in kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Using a nested case-control study we assessed whether circulating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) levels more accurately predict renal end points than the conventional markers. Cases were defined as those who developed a renal end point (doubling of serum creatinine to at least 200 μmol/l, the need for renal replacement therapy, or death due to renal disease) during the study. Using propensity scoring, two controls were selected for each of 281 cases. Participants who developed renal end points had significantly higher total TGF-β1, lower BMP-7 levels, and a higher total TGF-β1 to BMP-7 ratio at baseline. A graded increase in risk was found in individuals with lower BMP-7 levels (odds ratio 24.07, for the lowest to the highest tertile), or significantly higher TGF-β1 levels (odds ratio for the highest to the lowest tertile, 8.43). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (c-statistic) for the conventional predictors was 0.73. Using BMP-7 and total and active TGF-β1, the c-statistic was 0.94 (significantly higher to conventional predictors). Thus, our results suggest these novel kidney markers are better predictors of renal progression than the conventional predictors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
AB - Albuminuria and a reduced glomerular filtration rate are conventional predictors of a future decline in kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Using a nested case-control study we assessed whether circulating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) levels more accurately predict renal end points than the conventional markers. Cases were defined as those who developed a renal end point (doubling of serum creatinine to at least 200 μmol/l, the need for renal replacement therapy, or death due to renal disease) during the study. Using propensity scoring, two controls were selected for each of 281 cases. Participants who developed renal end points had significantly higher total TGF-β1, lower BMP-7 levels, and a higher total TGF-β1 to BMP-7 ratio at baseline. A graded increase in risk was found in individuals with lower BMP-7 levels (odds ratio 24.07, for the lowest to the highest tertile), or significantly higher TGF-β1 levels (odds ratio for the highest to the lowest tertile, 8.43). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (c-statistic) for the conventional predictors was 0.73. Using BMP-7 and total and active TGF-β1, the c-statistic was 0.94 (significantly higher to conventional predictors). Thus, our results suggest these novel kidney markers are better predictors of renal progression than the conventional predictors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
KW - albuminuria
KW - chronic kidney failure
KW - diabetic nephropathy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84873405796&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/ki.2012.383
DO - 10.1038/ki.2012.383
M3 - Article
VL - 83
SP - 278
EP - 284
JO - Kidney International
JF - Kidney International
SN - 0085-2538
IS - 2
ER -