Comparative Studies of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Iron Catalysts Supported on Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ (2:1), Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes or BEA Zeolite Systems

The main goal of the presented paper is to study the influence of a range of support materials, i.e., multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), Al2O3-Cr2O3 (2:1), zeolite β-H and zeolite β-Na on the physicochemical and catalytic properties in Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis. All tested Fe catalysts were synthesized using the impregnation method. Their physicochemical properties were extensively investigated using various characterization techniques such as the Temperature-Programmed Reduction of hydrogen (TPR-H2), X-ray diffraction, Temperature-Programmed Desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3), Temperature-Programmed Desorption of carbon dioxide (TPD-CO2), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Brunauer Emmett Teller method (BET) and Thermogravimetric Differential Analysis coupled with Mass Spectrometer (TG-DTA-MS). Activity tests were performed in F-T synthesis using a high-pressure fixed bed reactor and a gas mixture of H2 and CO (50% CO and 50% H2). The correlation between the physicochemical properties and reactivity in F-T synthesis was determined. The highest activity was from a 40%Fe/Al2O3-Cr2O3 (2:1) system which exhibited 89.9% of CO conversion and 66.6% selectivity toward liquid products. This catalyst also exhibited the lowest acidity, but the highest quantity of iron carbides on its surface. In addition, in the case of iron catalysts supported on MWCNTs or a binary oxide system, the smallest amount of carbon deposit formed on the surface of the catalyst during the F-T process was confirmed.