Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment

Allana G.W. LeBlanc; Peter T. Katzmarzyk; Tiago V. Barreira; Stephanie T. Broyles; Jean Philippe Chaput; Timothy S. Church; Mikael Fogelholm; Deirdre Harrington; Gang Hu; Rebecca Kuriyan; Anura Vishwanath Kurpad; Estelle Victoria Lambert; Carol Ann Maher; José António Maia; Victor Keihan Matsudo; Tim Olds; Vincent Ochieng Onywera; Olga Sarmiento; Martyn Standage; Catrine E. Tudor- Locke; Pei Zhao; Mark S. Tremblay; Denise G. Lambert; Ben P. Butitta; Catherine M. Champagne; Shannon H. Cocreham; Kara N. Dentro; Katy Drazba; William D. Johnson; Dione Milauskas; Emily F. Mire; Allison Tohme; Ruben Q. Rodarte; Bobby Amoroso; John Luopa; Rebecca H. Neiberg; Scott Rushing; Lucy Kate Lewis; Katia Ferrar; Effie Georgiadis; Rebecca Megan Stanley; Sandra Mahecha Matsudo; Timóteo Leandro Araújo; Luís Carlos De Oliveira; Leandro Rezende; Luis Fabiano; Diogo Bezerra; Gerson Luis Ferrari; Priscilla Bélanger; Michael Marc Borghese; Charles Boyer; Claire E. Francis; Geneviève Leduc; Chengming Diao; Wei Li; Weiqin Li; Enqing Liu; Gongshu Liu; Hongyan Liu; Jian Ma; Yijuan Qiao; Huiguang Tian; Yue Wang; Tao Zhang; Fuxia Zhang; Julio Acosta; Yalta Alvira; María Paula Díaz; Rocio Gámez; Maria Paula Garcia; Luis Guillermo Gómez; Lisseth Heras González; Silvia Alejandra González; Carlos Grijalba; Leidys Gutiérrez; David Leal; Nicolás Lemus; Etelvina Mahecha; Maria Paula Mahecha; Rosalba Mahecha; Andrea Ramírez; Paola Ríos; Andres Suarez; Camilo A. Triana; Elli Hovi; Jemina Kivelä; Sari Räsänen; Sanna Roito; Taru Saloheimo; Leena Valta; Deepa P. Lokesh; Michelle Stephanie D'Almeida; Annie Mattilda R; Lygia F.M. Correa; Vijay D; Lucy Joy Wachira; Stella Kagwiria Muthuri; Alessandra da Silva Borges; Sofia Oliveira Sa Cachada; Raquel Nichele De Chaves; Thayse Natacha Gomes; Sara Isabel Pereira; Daniel Monteiro de Vilhena e Santos; Fernanda Karina Dos Santos; Pedro Gil Rodrigues da Silva; Michele Caroline De Souza; Vicki E. Lambert; Matthew April; Monika Uys; Nirmala Naidoo; Nandi Synyanya; Madelaine T. Carstens; Sean P. Cumming; Clemens Drenowatz; Lydia G. Emm; Fiona Bridget Gillison; Julia Kirstey Zakrzewski; Ashley Braud; Sheletta G. Donatto; Corbin Lemon; Ana Jackson; Ashunti Pearson; Gina Pennington; Daniel Ragus; Ryan C. Roubion; John M. Schuna; Derek Wiltz; Alan Batterham; Jacqueline Kerr; Michael Pratt; Angelo Pietrobelli

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129622

Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment

Allana G.W. LeBlanc, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Tiago V. Barreira, Stephanie T. Broyles, Jean Philippe Chaput, Timothy S. Church, Mikael Fogelholm, Deirdre Harrington, Gang Hu, Rebecca Kuriyan, Anura Vishwanath Kurpad, Estelle Victoria Lambert, Carol Ann Maher, José António Maia, Victor Keihan Matsudo, Tim Olds, Vincent Ochieng Onywera, Olga Sarmiento, Martyn Standage, Catrine E. Tudor- LockePei Zhao, Mark S. Tremblay, Denise G. Lambert, Ben P. Butitta, Catherine M. Champagne, Shannon H. Cocreham, Kara N. Dentro, Katy Drazba, William D. Johnson, Dione Milauskas, Emily F. Mire, Allison Tohme, Ruben Q. Rodarte, Bobby Amoroso, John Luopa, Rebecca H. Neiberg, Scott Rushing, Lucy Kate Lewis, Katia Ferrar, Effie Georgiadis, Rebecca Megan Stanley, Sandra Mahecha Matsudo, Timóteo Leandro Araújo, Luís Carlos De Oliveira, Leandro Rezende, Luis Fabiano, Diogo Bezerra, Gerson Luis Ferrari, Priscilla Bélanger, Michael Marc Borghese, Charles Boyer, Claire E. Francis, Geneviève Leduc, Chengming Diao, Wei Li, Weiqin Li, Enqing Liu, Gongshu Liu, Hongyan Liu, Jian Ma, Yijuan Qiao, Huiguang Tian, Yue Wang, Tao Zhang, Fuxia Zhang, Julio Acosta, Yalta Alvira, María Paula Díaz, Rocio Gámez, Maria Paula Garcia, Luis Guillermo Gómez, Lisseth Heras González, Silvia Alejandra González, Carlos Grijalba, Leidys Gutiérrez, David Leal, Nicolás Lemus, Etelvina Mahecha, Maria Paula Mahecha, Rosalba Mahecha, Andrea Ramírez, Paola Ríos, Andres Suarez, Camilo A. Triana, Elli Hovi, Jemina Kivelä, Sari Räsänen, Sanna Roito, Taru Saloheimo, Leena Valta, Deepa P. Lokesh, Michelle Stephanie D'Almeida, Annie Mattilda R, Lygia F.M. Correa, Vijay D, Lucy Joy Wachira, Stella Kagwiria Muthuri, Alessandra da Silva Borges, Sofia Oliveira Sa Cachada, Raquel Nichele De Chaves, Thayse Natacha Gomes, Sara Isabel Pereira, Daniel Monteiro de Vilhena e Santos, Fernanda Karina Dos Santos, Pedro Gil Rodrigues da Silva, Michele Caroline De Souza, Vicki E. Lambert, Matthew April, Monika Uys, Nirmala Naidoo, Nandi Synyanya, Madelaine T. Carstens, Sean P. Cumming, Clemens Drenowatz, Lydia G. Emm, Fiona Bridget Gillison, Julia Kirstey Zakrzewski, Ashley Braud, Sheletta G. Donatto, Corbin Lemon, Ana Jackson, Ashunti Pearson, Gina Pennington, Daniel Ragus, Ryan C. Roubion, John M. Schuna, Derek Wiltz, Alan Batterham, Jacqueline Kerr, Michael Pratt, Angelo Pietrobelli

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Abstract

Purpose Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. Methods The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SED and/or ST in univariate analyses (p<0.10) were included in the final models. Variables that remained significant in the final models (p<0.05) were considered correlates of SED and/or ST. Results Children averaged 8.6 hours of daily SED, and 54.2% of children failed to meet ST guidelines. In all study sites, boys reported higher ST, were less likely to meet ST guidelines, and had higher BMI z-scores than girls. In 9 of 12 sites, girls engaged in significantly more SED than boys. Common correlates of higher SED and ST included poor weight status, not meeting physical activity guidelines, and having a TV or a computer in the bedroom. Conclusions In this global sample many common correlates of SED and ST were identified, some of which are easily modifiable (e.g., removing TV from the bedroom), and others that may require more intense behavioral interventions (e.g., increasing physical activity). Future work should incorporate these findings into the development of culturally meaningful public health messages.

Original language	English
Article number	e0129622
Number of pages	20
Journal	PLoS One
Volume	10
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129622
Publication status	Published - 11 Jun 2015
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Copyright: © 2015 LeBlanc et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.

Keywords

obesity
Young people
children
screen time
Adiposity

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10.1371/journal.pone.0129622Licence: CC BY

LeBlanc_Correlates_P2015Final published version, 603 KBLicence: CC BY

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LeBlanc, A. G. W., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Barreira, T. V., Broyles, S. T., Chaput, J. P., Church, T. S., Fogelholm, M., Harrington, D., Hu, G., Kuriyan, R., Kurpad, A. V., Lambert, E. V., Maher, C. A., Maia, J. A., Matsudo, V. K., Olds, T., Onywera, V. O., Sarmiento, O., Standage, M., ... Pietrobelli, A. (2015). Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment. PLoS One, 10(6), [e0129622]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129622

@article{7edd679c6d70445bb95b41fb4c06ebb4,

title = "Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment",

abstract = "Purpose Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. Methods The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SED and/or ST in univariate analyses (p<0.10) were included in the final models. Variables that remained significant in the final models (p<0.05) were considered correlates of SED and/or ST. Results Children averaged 8.6 hours of daily SED, and 54.2% of children failed to meet ST guidelines. In all study sites, boys reported higher ST, were less likely to meet ST guidelines, and had higher BMI z-scores than girls. In 9 of 12 sites, girls engaged in significantly more SED than boys. Common correlates of higher SED and ST included poor weight status, not meeting physical activity guidelines, and having a TV or a computer in the bedroom. Conclusions In this global sample many common correlates of SED and ST were identified, some of which are easily modifiable (e.g., removing TV from the bedroom), and others that may require more intense behavioral interventions (e.g., increasing physical activity). Future work should incorporate these findings into the development of culturally meaningful public health messages.",

keywords = "obesity, Young people, children, screen time, Adiposity",

author = "LeBlanc, {Allana G.W.} and Katzmarzyk, {Peter T.} and Barreira, {Tiago V.} and Broyles, {Stephanie T.} and Chaput, {Jean Philippe} and Church, {Timothy S.} and Mikael Fogelholm and Deirdre Harrington and Gang Hu and Rebecca Kuriyan and Kurpad, {Anura Vishwanath} and Lambert, {Estelle Victoria} and Maher, {Carol Ann} and Maia, {Jos{\'e} Ant{\'o}nio} and Matsudo, {Victor Keihan} and Tim Olds and Onywera, {Vincent Ochieng} and Olga Sarmiento and Martyn Standage and {Tudor- Locke}, {Catrine E.} and Pei Zhao and Tremblay, {Mark S.} and Lambert, {Denise G.} and Butitta, {Ben P.} and Champagne, {Catherine M.} and Cocreham, {Shannon H.} and Dentro, {Kara N.} and Katy Drazba and Johnson, {William D.} and Dione Milauskas and Mire, {Emily F.} and Allison Tohme and Rodarte, {Ruben Q.} and Bobby Amoroso and John Luopa and Neiberg, {Rebecca H.} and Scott Rushing and Lewis, {Lucy Kate} and Katia Ferrar and Effie Georgiadis and Stanley, {Rebecca Megan} and Matsudo, {Sandra Mahecha} and Ara{\'u}jo, {Tim{\'o}teo Leandro} and {De Oliveira}, {Lu{\'i}s Carlos} and Leandro Rezende and Luis Fabiano and Diogo Bezerra and Ferrari, {Gerson Luis} and Priscilla B{\'e}langer and Borghese, {Michael Marc} and Charles Boyer and Francis, {Claire E.} and Genevi{\`e}ve Leduc and Chengming Diao and Wei Li and Weiqin Li and Enqing Liu and Gongshu Liu and Hongyan Liu and Jian Ma and Yijuan Qiao and Huiguang Tian and Yue Wang and Tao Zhang and Fuxia Zhang and Julio Acosta and Yalta Alvira and D{\'i}az, {Mar{\'i}a Paula} and Rocio G{\'a}mez and Garcia, {Maria Paula} and G{\'o}mez, {Luis Guillermo} and Gonz{\'a}lez, {Lisseth Heras} and Gonz{\'a}lez, {Silvia Alejandra} and Carlos Grijalba and Leidys Guti{\'e}rrez and David Leal and Nicol{\'a}s Lemus and Etelvina Mahecha and Mahecha, {Maria Paula} and Rosalba Mahecha and Andrea Ram{\'i}rez and Paola R{\'i}os and Andres Suarez and Triana, {Camilo A.} and Elli Hovi and Jemina Kivel{\"a} and Sari R{\"a}s{\"a}nen and Sanna Roito and Taru Saloheimo and Leena Valta and Lokesh, {Deepa P.} and D'Almeida, {Michelle Stephanie} and {Mattilda R}, Annie and Correa, {Lygia F.M.} and Vijay D and Wachira, {Lucy Joy} and Muthuri, {Stella Kagwiria} and Borges, {Alessandra da Silva} and {Sa Cachada}, {Sofia Oliveira} and {De Chaves}, {Raquel Nichele} and Gomes, {Thayse Natacha} and Pereira, {Sara Isabel} and {de Vilhena e Santos}, {Daniel Monteiro} and {Dos Santos}, {Fernanda Karina} and {Rodrigues da Silva}, {Pedro Gil} and {De Souza}, {Michele Caroline} and Lambert, {Vicki E.} and Matthew April and Monika Uys and Nirmala Naidoo and Nandi Synyanya and Carstens, {Madelaine T.} and Cumming, {Sean P.} and Clemens Drenowatz and Emm, {Lydia G.} and Gillison, {Fiona Bridget} and Zakrzewski, {Julia Kirstey} and Ashley Braud and Donatto, {Sheletta G.} and Corbin Lemon and Ana Jackson and Ashunti Pearson and Gina Pennington and Daniel Ragus and Roubion, {Ryan C.} and Schuna, {John M.} and Derek Wiltz and Alan Batterham and Jacqueline Kerr and Michael Pratt and Angelo Pietrobelli",

note = "Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 LeBlanc et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

year = "2015",

month = jun,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0129622",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "PLoS One",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "PlosOne",

number = "6",

}

LeBlanc, AGW, Katzmarzyk, PT, Barreira, TV, Broyles, ST, Chaput, JP, Church, TS, Fogelholm, M, Harrington, D, Hu, G, Kuriyan, R, Kurpad, AV, Lambert, EV, Maher, CA, Maia, JA, Matsudo, VK, Olds, T, Onywera, VO, Sarmiento, O, Standage, M, Tudor- Locke, CE, Zhao, P, Tremblay, MS, Lambert, DG, Butitta, BP, Champagne, CM, Cocreham, SH, Dentro, KN, Drazba, K, Johnson, WD, Milauskas, D, Mire, EF, Tohme, A, Rodarte, RQ, Amoroso, B, Luopa, J, Neiberg, RH, Rushing, S, Lewis, LK, Ferrar, K, Georgiadis, E, Stanley, RM, Matsudo, SM, Araújo, TL, De Oliveira, LC, Rezende, L, Fabiano, L, Bezerra, D, Ferrari, GL, Bélanger, P, Borghese, MM, Boyer, C, Francis, CE, Leduc, G, Diao, C, Li, W, Li, W, Liu, E, Liu, G, Liu, H, Ma, J, Qiao, Y, Tian, H, Wang, Y, Zhang, T, Zhang, F, Acosta, J, Alvira, Y, Díaz, MP, Gámez, R, Garcia, MP, Gómez, LG, González, LH, González, SA, Grijalba, C, Gutiérrez, L, Leal, D, Lemus, N, Mahecha, E, Mahecha, MP, Mahecha, R, Ramírez, A, Ríos, P, Suarez, A, Triana, CA, Hovi, E, Kivelä, J, Räsänen, S, Roito, S, Saloheimo, T, Valta, L, Lokesh, DP, D'Almeida, MS, Mattilda R, A, Correa, LFM, D, V, Wachira, LJ, Muthuri, SK, Borges, ADS, Sa Cachada, SO, De Chaves, RN, Gomes, TN, Pereira, SI, de Vilhena e Santos, DM, Dos Santos, FK, Rodrigues da Silva, PG, De Souza, MC, Lambert, VE, April, M, Uys, M, Naidoo, N, Synyanya, N, Carstens, MT, Cumming, SP, Drenowatz, C, Emm, LG, Gillison, FB, Zakrzewski, JK, Braud, A, Donatto, SG, Lemon, C, Jackson, A, Pearson, A, Pennington, G, Ragus, D, Roubion, RC, Schuna, JM, Wiltz, D, Batterham, A, Kerr, J, Pratt, M & Pietrobelli, A 2015, 'Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment', PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 6, e0129622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129622

TY - JOUR

T1 - Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world

T2 - The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment

AU - LeBlanc, Allana G.W.

AU - Katzmarzyk, Peter T.

AU - Barreira, Tiago V.

AU - Broyles, Stephanie T.

AU - Chaput, Jean Philippe

AU - Church, Timothy S.

AU - Fogelholm, Mikael

AU - Harrington, Deirdre

AU - Hu, Gang

AU - Kuriyan, Rebecca

AU - Kurpad, Anura Vishwanath

AU - Lambert, Estelle Victoria

AU - Maher, Carol Ann

AU - Maia, José António

AU - Matsudo, Victor Keihan

AU - Olds, Tim

AU - Onywera, Vincent Ochieng

AU - Sarmiento, Olga

AU - Standage, Martyn

AU - Tudor- Locke, Catrine E.

AU - Zhao, Pei

AU - Tremblay, Mark S.

AU - Lambert, Denise G.

AU - Butitta, Ben P.

AU - Champagne, Catherine M.

AU - Cocreham, Shannon H.

AU - Dentro, Kara N.

AU - Drazba, Katy

AU - Johnson, William D.

AU - Milauskas, Dione

AU - Mire, Emily F.

AU - Tohme, Allison

AU - Rodarte, Ruben Q.

AU - Amoroso, Bobby

AU - Luopa, John

AU - Neiberg, Rebecca H.

AU - Rushing, Scott

AU - Lewis, Lucy Kate

AU - Ferrar, Katia

AU - Georgiadis, Effie

AU - Stanley, Rebecca Megan

AU - Matsudo, Sandra Mahecha

AU - Araújo, Timóteo Leandro

AU - De Oliveira, Luís Carlos

AU - Rezende, Leandro

AU - Fabiano, Luis

AU - Bezerra, Diogo

AU - Ferrari, Gerson Luis

AU - Bélanger, Priscilla

AU - Borghese, Michael Marc

AU - Boyer, Charles

AU - Francis, Claire E.

AU - Leduc, Geneviève

AU - Diao, Chengming

AU - Li, Wei

AU - Li, Weiqin

AU - Liu, Enqing

AU - Liu, Gongshu

AU - Liu, Hongyan

AU - Ma, Jian

AU - Qiao, Yijuan

AU - Tian, Huiguang

AU - Wang, Yue

AU - Zhang, Tao

AU - Zhang, Fuxia

AU - Acosta, Julio

AU - Alvira, Yalta

AU - Díaz, María Paula

AU - Gámez, Rocio

AU - Garcia, Maria Paula

AU - Gómez, Luis Guillermo

AU - González, Lisseth Heras

AU - González, Silvia Alejandra

AU - Grijalba, Carlos

AU - Gutiérrez, Leidys

AU - Leal, David

AU - Lemus, Nicolás

AU - Mahecha, Etelvina

AU - Mahecha, Maria Paula

AU - Mahecha, Rosalba

AU - Ramírez, Andrea

AU - Ríos, Paola

AU - Suarez, Andres

AU - Triana, Camilo A.

AU - Hovi, Elli

AU - Kivelä, Jemina

AU - Räsänen, Sari

AU - Roito, Sanna

AU - Saloheimo, Taru

AU - Valta, Leena

AU - Lokesh, Deepa P.

AU - D'Almeida, Michelle Stephanie

AU - Mattilda R, Annie

AU - Correa, Lygia F.M.

AU - D, Vijay

AU - Wachira, Lucy Joy

AU - Muthuri, Stella Kagwiria

AU - Borges, Alessandra da Silva

AU - Sa Cachada, Sofia Oliveira

AU - De Chaves, Raquel Nichele

AU - Gomes, Thayse Natacha

AU - Pereira, Sara Isabel

AU - de Vilhena e Santos, Daniel Monteiro

AU - Dos Santos, Fernanda Karina

AU - Rodrigues da Silva, Pedro Gil

AU - De Souza, Michele Caroline

AU - Lambert, Vicki E.

AU - April, Matthew

AU - Uys, Monika

AU - Naidoo, Nirmala

AU - Synyanya, Nandi

AU - Carstens, Madelaine T.

AU - Cumming, Sean P.

AU - Drenowatz, Clemens

AU - Emm, Lydia G.

AU - Gillison, Fiona Bridget

AU - Zakrzewski, Julia Kirstey

AU - Braud, Ashley

AU - Donatto, Sheletta G.

AU - Lemon, Corbin

AU - Jackson, Ana

AU - Pearson, Ashunti

AU - Pennington, Gina

AU - Ragus, Daniel

AU - Roubion, Ryan C.

AU - Schuna, John M.

AU - Wiltz, Derek

AU - Batterham, Alan

AU - Kerr, Jacqueline

AU - Pratt, Michael

AU - Pietrobelli, Angelo

N1 - Copyright: © 2015 LeBlanc et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2015/6/11

Y1 - 2015/6/11

N2 - Purpose Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. Methods The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SED and/or ST in univariate analyses (p<0.10) were included in the final models. Variables that remained significant in the final models (p<0.05) were considered correlates of SED and/or ST. Results Children averaged 8.6 hours of daily SED, and 54.2% of children failed to meet ST guidelines. In all study sites, boys reported higher ST, were less likely to meet ST guidelines, and had higher BMI z-scores than girls. In 9 of 12 sites, girls engaged in significantly more SED than boys. Common correlates of higher SED and ST included poor weight status, not meeting physical activity guidelines, and having a TV or a computer in the bedroom. Conclusions In this global sample many common correlates of SED and ST were identified, some of which are easily modifiable (e.g., removing TV from the bedroom), and others that may require more intense behavioral interventions (e.g., increasing physical activity). Future work should incorporate these findings into the development of culturally meaningful public health messages.

AB - Purpose Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. Methods The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SED and/or ST in univariate analyses (p<0.10) were included in the final models. Variables that remained significant in the final models (p<0.05) were considered correlates of SED and/or ST. Results Children averaged 8.6 hours of daily SED, and 54.2% of children failed to meet ST guidelines. In all study sites, boys reported higher ST, were less likely to meet ST guidelines, and had higher BMI z-scores than girls. In 9 of 12 sites, girls engaged in significantly more SED than boys. Common correlates of higher SED and ST included poor weight status, not meeting physical activity guidelines, and having a TV or a computer in the bedroom. Conclusions In this global sample many common correlates of SED and ST were identified, some of which are easily modifiable (e.g., removing TV from the bedroom), and others that may require more intense behavioral interventions (e.g., increasing physical activity). Future work should incorporate these findings into the development of culturally meaningful public health messages.

KW - obesity

KW - Young people

KW - children

KW - screen time

KW - Adiposity

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84936091435&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0129622

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0129622

M3 - Article

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 10

JO - PLoS One

JF - PLoS One

IS - 6

M1 - e0129622

ER -

Correlates of total sedentary time and screen time in 9-11 year-old children around the world: The international study of childhood obesity, lifestyle and the environment

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