Current Knowledge and Perspectives for Pharmacological Treatment in OSA

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) impacts approximatively one billion people globally,1, 2 and is associated with detrimental cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive consequences, as well as bothersome diurnal symptoms that adversely impact daytime function and work productivity.3 It is now acknowledged that OSA is a highly heterogeneous condition encompassing various endophenotypes, defined as the association of clinical manifestations of OSA (phenotypes) and their underlying pathophysiological traits (endotypes).4 Identification of these endophenotypes is a prerequisite for risk stratification and prognosis anticipation.