TY - JOUR
T1 - Early developmental, temperamental and educational problems in 'substance use disorder' patients with and without ADHD
T2 - Does ADHD make a difference?
AU - Skutle, Arvid
AU - Bu, Eli Torild Hellandsjø
AU - Jellestad, Finn Konow
AU - van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, Katelijne
AU - Dom, Geert
AU - Verspreet, Sofie
AU - Carpentier, Pieter Jan
AU - Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni
AU - Franck, Johan
AU - Konstenius, Maija
AU - Kaye, Sharlene
AU - Demetrovics, Zsolt
AU - Barta, Csaba
AU - Fatséas, Melina
AU - Auriacombe, Marc
AU - Johnson, Brian
AU - Faraone, Stephen V.
AU - Levin, Frances R.
AU - Allsop, Steve
AU - Carruthers, Susan
AU - Schoevers, Robert A.
AU - Koeter, Maarten W.J.
AU - van den Brink, Wim
AU - Moggi, Franz
AU - Møller, Merete
AU - van de Glind, Geurt
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Introduction: The prevalence of ADHD among patients with substance use disorder (SUD) is substantial. This study addressed the following research questions: Are early developmental, temperamental and educational problems overrepresented among SUD patients with ADHD compared to SUD patients without ADHD? Do this comorbid group receive early help for their ADHD, and are there signs of self-medicating with illicit central stimulants? Method: An international, multi-centre cross-sectional study was carried out involving seven European countries, with 1205 patients in treatment for SUD. The mean age was 40. years and 27% of the sample was female. All participants were interviewed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and the Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV. Results: SUD patients with ADHD (n = 196; 16.3% of the total sample) had a significantly slower infant development than SUD patients without ADHD (n = 1,009; 83.4%), had greater problems controlling their temperament, and had lower educational attainment. Only 24 (12%) of the current ADHD positive patients had been diagnosed and treated during childhood and/or adolescence. Finally, SUD patients with ADHD were more likely to have central stimulants or cannabis as their primary substance of abuse, whereas alcohol use was more likely to be the primary substance of abuse in SUD patients without ADHD. Conclusion: The results emphasize the importance of early identification of ADHD and targeted interventions in the health and school system, as well as in the addiction field.
AB - Introduction: The prevalence of ADHD among patients with substance use disorder (SUD) is substantial. This study addressed the following research questions: Are early developmental, temperamental and educational problems overrepresented among SUD patients with ADHD compared to SUD patients without ADHD? Do this comorbid group receive early help for their ADHD, and are there signs of self-medicating with illicit central stimulants? Method: An international, multi-centre cross-sectional study was carried out involving seven European countries, with 1205 patients in treatment for SUD. The mean age was 40. years and 27% of the sample was female. All participants were interviewed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and the Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV. Results: SUD patients with ADHD (n = 196; 16.3% of the total sample) had a significantly slower infant development than SUD patients without ADHD (n = 1,009; 83.4%), had greater problems controlling their temperament, and had lower educational attainment. Only 24 (12%) of the current ADHD positive patients had been diagnosed and treated during childhood and/or adolescence. Finally, SUD patients with ADHD were more likely to have central stimulants or cannabis as their primary substance of abuse, whereas alcohol use was more likely to be the primary substance of abuse in SUD patients without ADHD. Conclusion: The results emphasize the importance of early identification of ADHD and targeted interventions in the health and school system, as well as in the addiction field.
KW - ADHD
KW - Developmental
KW - Substance use disorder
KW - Temperamental and educational problems
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929990016&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.abrep.2015.03.001
DO - 10.1016/j.abrep.2015.03.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84929990016
SN - 2352-8532
VL - 2
SP - 13
EP - 18
JO - Addictive Behaviors Reports
JF - Addictive Behaviors Reports
ER -