Effects and mechanisms of actions of phytochemicals on Alzheimer's disease neuropathology

Alzheimer's disease affects millions of people, yet, there are only a limited number approaches for it pharmacological treatment. Thus, identifying factors that decrease the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease is of paramount importance. A growing body of epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that dietary fruits and vegetables have neuroprotective effects against the harmful effects of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and aging. These effects are mediated by various phytochemical compounds found in plants that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other beneficial properties. This review addresses epidemiological and experimental evidence for the effects and potential mechanisms of several commonly consumed phytochemicals on neuropathology and outcomes of Alzheimer's disease. Based on available evidence, we suggest that regular consumption of bioactive phytochemicals from a variety of fruits and vegetables attenuates age- and insult-related neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease.