Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas

Danielle R. Adney; Lingshu Wang; Neeltje Van Doremalen; Wei Shi; Yi Zhang; Wing-Pui Kong; Megan R. Miller; Trenton Bushmaker; Dana Scott; Emmie de Wit; Kayvon Modjarrad; Nikolai Petrovsky; Barney S. Graham; Richard A. Bowen; Vincent J. Munster

doi:10.3390/v11030212

Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas

Danielle R. Adney, Lingshu Wang, Neeltje Van Doremalen, Wei Shi, Yi Zhang, Wing-Pui Kong, Megan R. Miller, Trenton Bushmaker, Dana Scott, Emmie de Wit, Kayvon Modjarrad, Nikolai Petrovsky, Barney S. Graham, Richard A. Bowen, Vincent J. Munster

College of Medicine and Public Health

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Abstract

MERS-CoV is present in dromedary camels throughout the Middle East and Africa. Dromedary camels are the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infections. Interruption of the zoonotic transmission chain from camels to humans, therefore, may be an effective strategy to control the ongoing MERS-CoV outbreak. Here we show that vaccination with an adjuvanted MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from MERS-CoV disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedding in the upper airways of dromedary camels. Protection in alpaca correlates with high serum neutralizing antibody titers. Lower titers of serum neutralizing antibodies correlate with delayed and significantly reduced shedding in the nasal turbinates of dromedary camels. Together, these data indicate that induction of robust neutralizing humoral immune responses by vaccination of naïve animals reduces shedding that potentially could diminish the risk of zoonotic transmission.

Original language	English
Article number	212
Number of pages	13
Journal	Viruses
Volume	11
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/v11030212
Publication status	Published - Mar 2019

Keywords

camels
MERS-CoV
One Health
vaccines

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Adney, D. R., Wang, L., Van Doremalen, N., Shi, W., Zhang, Y., Kong, W.-P., Miller, M. R., Bushmaker, T., Scott, D., de Wit, E., Modjarrad, K., Petrovsky, N., Graham, B. S., Bowen, R. A., & Munster, V. J. (2019). Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas. Viruses, 11(3), Article 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11030212

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title = "Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas",

abstract = "MERS-CoV is present in dromedary camels throughout the Middle East and Africa. Dromedary camels are the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infections. Interruption of the zoonotic transmission chain from camels to humans, therefore, may be an effective strategy to control the ongoing MERS-CoV outbreak. Here we show that vaccination with an adjuvanted MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from MERS-CoV disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedding in the upper airways of dromedary camels. Protection in alpaca correlates with high serum neutralizing antibody titers. Lower titers of serum neutralizing antibodies correlate with delayed and significantly reduced shedding in the nasal turbinates of dromedary camels. Together, these data indicate that induction of robust neutralizing humoral immune responses by vaccination of na{\"i}ve animals reduces shedding that potentially could diminish the risk of zoonotic transmission.",

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author = "Adney, {Danielle R.} and Lingshu Wang and {Van Doremalen}, Neeltje and Wei Shi and Yi Zhang and Wing-Pui Kong and Miller, {Megan R.} and Trenton Bushmaker and Dana Scott and {de Wit}, Emmie and Kayvon Modjarrad and Nikolai Petrovsky and Graham, {Barney S.} and Bowen, {Richard A.} and Munster, {Vincent J.}",

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Adney, DR, Wang, L, Van Doremalen, N, Shi, W, Zhang, Y, Kong, W-P, Miller, MR, Bushmaker, T, Scott, D, de Wit, E, Modjarrad, K, Petrovsky, N, Graham, BS, Bowen, RA & Munster, VJ 2019, 'Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas', Viruses, vol. 11, no. 3, 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11030212

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AU - Wang, Lingshu

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AU - Shi, Wei

AU - Zhang, Yi

AU - Kong, Wing-Pui

AU - Miller, Megan R.

AU - Bushmaker, Trenton

AU - Scott, Dana

AU - de Wit, Emmie

AU - Modjarrad, Kayvon

AU - Petrovsky, Nikolai

AU - Graham, Barney S.

AU - Bowen, Richard A.

AU - Munster, Vincent J.

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AB - MERS-CoV is present in dromedary camels throughout the Middle East and Africa. Dromedary camels are the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infections. Interruption of the zoonotic transmission chain from camels to humans, therefore, may be an effective strategy to control the ongoing MERS-CoV outbreak. Here we show that vaccination with an adjuvanted MERS-CoV Spike protein subunit vaccine confers complete protection from MERS-CoV disease in alpaca and results in reduced and delayed viral shedding in the upper airways of dromedary camels. Protection in alpaca correlates with high serum neutralizing antibody titers. Lower titers of serum neutralizing antibodies correlate with delayed and significantly reduced shedding in the nasal turbinates of dromedary camels. Together, these data indicate that induction of robust neutralizing humoral immune responses by vaccination of naïve animals reduces shedding that potentially could diminish the risk of zoonotic transmission.

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ER -

Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine in Dromedary Camels and Alpacas

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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