TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficient Production of Phosphorene Nanosheets via Shear Stress Mediated Exfoliation for Low-Temperature Perovskite Solar Cells
AU - Batmunkh, Munkhbayar
AU - Vimalanathan, Kasturi
AU - Wu, Congcong
AU - Bati, Abdulaziz S.R.
AU - Yu, Le Ping
AU - Tawfik, Sherif Abdulkader
AU - Ford, Michael J.
AU - Macdonald, Thomas J.
AU - Raston, Colin L.
AU - Priya, Shashank
AU - Gibson, Christopher T.
AU - Shapter, Joseph G.
PY - 2019/5/10
Y1 - 2019/5/10
N2 - A simple and fast “top-down” protocol is introduced herein to prepare solution processable few-layer phosphorene nanosheets using vortex fluidic mediated exfoliation under near-infrared (NIR) pulsed laser irradiation. This novel shear-exfoliation method requires short processing times and produces highly crystalline, atomically thin phosphorene nanosheets (4.3 ± 0.4 nm). The as-prepared phosphorene nanosheets are used as an effective electron transporting material (ETM) for low-temperature processed, planar n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). With the addition of phosphorene, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases from 14.32% to 16.53% with a maximum PCE of 17.85% observed for the phosphorene incorporated PSCs which is comparable to the devices made using the traditional high-temperature protocol. Experimental and theoretical (density-functional theory) investigations reveal the PCE improvements are due to the high carrier mobility and suitable band energy alignment of the phosphorene. The work not only paves the way for novel synthesis of 2D materials, but also opens a new avenue in using phosphorene as an efficient ETM in photovoltaic devices.
AB - A simple and fast “top-down” protocol is introduced herein to prepare solution processable few-layer phosphorene nanosheets using vortex fluidic mediated exfoliation under near-infrared (NIR) pulsed laser irradiation. This novel shear-exfoliation method requires short processing times and produces highly crystalline, atomically thin phosphorene nanosheets (4.3 ± 0.4 nm). The as-prepared phosphorene nanosheets are used as an effective electron transporting material (ETM) for low-temperature processed, planar n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). With the addition of phosphorene, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases from 14.32% to 16.53% with a maximum PCE of 17.85% observed for the phosphorene incorporated PSCs which is comparable to the devices made using the traditional high-temperature protocol. Experimental and theoretical (density-functional theory) investigations reveal the PCE improvements are due to the high carrier mobility and suitable band energy alignment of the phosphorene. The work not only paves the way for novel synthesis of 2D materials, but also opens a new avenue in using phosphorene as an efficient ETM in photovoltaic devices.
KW - 2D materials
KW - black phosphorus
KW - electron transporting materials
KW - perovskite solar cells
KW - phosphorene
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075532294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/ARC/DP150101354
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/ARC/DP160101301
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/ARC/DP170100450
U2 - 10.1002/smtd.201800521
DO - 10.1002/smtd.201800521
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85075532294
SN - 2366-9608
VL - 3
JO - Small Methods
JF - Small Methods
IS - 5
M1 - 1800521
ER -