Elements of success: a multiple case study of sport engagement programmes for Australian adults

Organized sport is a valuable form of leisure that supports global health goals by promoting physical activity across the life course. However, participation among working-age Australian adults (25–64 years) is declining, limiting the long-term benefits of sustained engagement. This study employed a multiple case study approach to examine three adult-oriented sport programmes and identify elements that support continued involvement. Underpinned by a social-ecological model, data from stakeholder interviews (n = 3), participant focus groups (n = 10) and document analyses were triangulated. Four themes were developed, highlighting how effective sport programmes addressed constraints and supported facilitators across social-ecological domains. Specifically, successful programmes provided consistent communication, supportive relationships, skill development and pathways from ‘beginner’ to club member. Ongoing evaluation was recommended to ensure programme relevance and longevity. These findings provide insight into how sport as leisure can be sustained throughout adulthood, contributing to lifelong wellbeing.