Equity of delivery: access to voluntary assisted dying substances using a centralised pharmacy model

Objective

Queensland implemented a centralised voluntary assisted dying (VAD) pharmacy model to promote safety, consistency and equitable access to VAD substances. In a geographically dispersed state, such as Queensland, a potential concern is whether centralisation affects time-to-delivery (TTD) for patients in regional and rural areas. This audit examined whether differences exist in TTD between South East Queensland (SEQ; metropolitan) and non-SEQ (non-metropolitan) patients, and explored reasons for prescription and visit cancellations to determine whether geographic factors, particularly remoteness, influenced service reliability.

Methods

All VAD substance deliveries between 1 January 2023 and 31 January 2024 were analysed. TTD was defined as the difference between the patient’s preferred and actual supply dates. Comparisons were made across region (SEQ vs non-SEQ), hospital and health service districts, and Modified Monash Model categories. Reasons for prescription and visit cancellations were also explored, as these cases were not captured in the TTD dataset if a delivery did not proceed, and may reveal potential geographic barriers for timely access.
Results

Of 911 patients, 723 (83%) received the VAD substance on their preferred date. No statistically significant differences in TTD were observed across region, hospital and health service districts or Modified Monash Model classifications, demonstrating consistent and reliable statewide delivery – an indicator of safety and standardised practice. Cancellations (prescriptions n = 58, visits n = 56) were geographically uniform and most commonly due to patient death.
Conclusions

Queensland’s centralised VAD pharmacy enables equity of access and safe delivery of VAD substances regardless of geography, supporting standardised practice and mitigating operational risks through centralised oversight.