Forest Biomass Estimation at High Spatial Resolution: Radar Versus Lidar Sensors

This letter evaluates the biomass-retrieval error in pine-dominated stands when using high-spatial-resolution airborne measurements from fully polarimetric L-band radar and airborne laser scanning sensors. Information on total above-ground biomass was estimated through allometric relationships from plot-level field measurements. Multiple-linear-regression models were developed to model relationships between biomass and radar/lidar data. Overall, lidar data provided lower estimation errors (17.2 t · ha^-1, 28% relative) when compared with radar data (30.3 t · ha^-1, 61% relative). However, for the 30-100 t · ha^-1 biomass range, the relative error from radar-based models was only 9% higher than that from lidar-based models. This suggests that high-spatial-resolution radar data could provide fundamentally similar results to lidar for some biomass intervals. This is an important finding for large-scale biomass estimation that needs to rely upon satellite data, as there are no lidar satellites planned for the foreseeable future.