TY - JOUR
T1 - Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017
T2 - a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
AU - GBD 2017 Diet Collaborators
AU - Afshin, Ashkan
AU - Sur, Patrick John
AU - Fay, Kairsten A.
AU - Cornaby, Leslie
AU - Ferrara, Giannina
AU - Salama, Joseph S.
AU - Mullany, Erin C.
AU - Abate, Kalkidan Hassen
AU - Abbafati, Cristiana
AU - Abebe, Zegeye
AU - Afarideh, Mohsen
AU - Aggarwal, Anju
AU - Agrawal, Sutapa
AU - Akinyemiju, Tomi
AU - Alahdab, Fares
AU - Bacha, Umar
AU - Bachman, Victoria F.
AU - Badali, Hamid
AU - Badawi, Alaa
AU - Bensenor, Isabela M.
AU - Bernabe, Eduardo
AU - Biadgilign, Sibhatu Kassa K.
AU - Biryukov, Stan H.
AU - Cahill, Leah E.
AU - Carrero, Juan J.
AU - Cercy, Kelly M.
AU - Dandona, Lalit
AU - Dandona, Rakhi
AU - Dang, Anh Kim
AU - Degefa, Meaza Girma
AU - El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa
AU - Esteghamati, Alireza
AU - Esteghamati, Sadaf
AU - Fanzo, Jessica
AU - Farinha, Carla Sofia e.Sá
AU - Farvid, Maryam S.
AU - Farzadfar, Farshad
AU - Feigin, Valery L.
AU - Fernandes, Joao C.
AU - Flor, Luisa Sorio
AU - Foigt, Nataliya A.
AU - Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.
AU - Ganji, Morsaleh
AU - Geleijnse, Johanna M.
AU - Gillum, Richard F.
AU - Goulart, Alessandra C.
AU - Grosso, Giuseppe
AU - Guessous, Idris
AU - Hamidi, Samer
AU - Hankey, Graeme J.
AU - Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai
AU - Hassen, Hamid Yimam
AU - Hay, Simon I.
AU - Hoang, Chi Linh
AU - Horino, Masako
AU - Islami, Farhad
AU - Jackson, Maria D.
AU - James, Spencer L.
AU - Johansson, Lars
AU - Jonas, Jost B.
AU - Kasaeian, Amir
AU - Khader, Yousef Saleh
AU - Khalil, Ibrahim A.
AU - Khang, Young Ho
AU - Kimokoti, Ruth W.
AU - Kokubo, Yoshihiro
AU - Kumar, G. Anil
AU - Lallukka, Tea
AU - Lopez, Alan D.
AU - Lorkowski, Stefan
AU - Lotufo, Paulo A.
AU - Lozano, Rafael
AU - Malekzadeh, Reza
AU - März, Winfried
AU - Meier, Toni
AU - Melaku, Yohannes A.
AU - Mendoza, Walter
AU - Mensink, Gert B.M.
AU - Micha, Renata
AU - Miller, Ted R.
AU - Mirarefin, Mojde
AU - Mohan, Viswanathan
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
AU - Mozaffarian, Dariush
AU - Nagel, Gabriele
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - Nguyen, Cuong Tat
AU - Nixon, Molly R.
AU - Ong, Kanyin L.
AU - Pereira, David M.
AU - Poustchi, Hossein
AU - Qorbani, Mostafa
AU - Rai, Rajesh Kumar
AU - Razo-García, Christian
AU - Rehm, Colin D.
AU - Rivera, Juan A.
AU - Rodríguez-Ramírez, Sonia
AU - Roshandel, Gholamreza
AU - Roth, Gregory A.
AU - Sanabria, Juan
AU - Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G.
AU - Sartorius, Benn
AU - Schmidhuber, Josef
AU - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
AU - Shin, Min Jeong
AU - Sorensen, Reed J.D.
AU - Springmann, Marco
AU - Szponar, Lucjan
AU - Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L.
AU - Thrift, Amanda G.
AU - Touvier, Mathilde
AU - Tran, Bach Xuan
AU - Tyrovolas, Stefanos
AU - Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna
AU - Ullah, Irfan
AU - Uthman, Olalekan A.
AU - Vaezghasemi, Masoud
AU - Vasankari, Tommi Juhani
AU - Vollset, Stein Emil
AU - Vos, Theo
AU - Vu, Giang Thu
AU - Vu, Linh Gia
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Werdecker, Andrea
AU - Wijeratne, Tissa
AU - Willett, Walter C.
AU - Wu, Jason H.
AU - Xu, Gelin
AU - Yonemoto, Naohiro
AU - Yu, Chuanhua
AU - Murray, Christopher J.L.
PY - 2019/5/11
Y1 - 2019/5/11
N2 - Background: Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of major foods and nutrients across 195 countries and to quantify the impact of their suboptimal intake on NCD mortality and morbidity. Methods: By use of a comparative risk assessment approach, we estimated the proportion of disease-specific burden attributable to each dietary risk factor (also referred to as population attributable fraction)among adults aged 25 years or older. The main inputs to this analysis included the intake of each dietary factor, the effect size of the dietary factor on disease endpoint, and the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality. Then, by use of disease-specific population attributable fractions, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), we calculated the number of deaths and DALYs attributable to diet for each disease outcome. Findings: In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]10–12)deaths and 255 million (234–274)DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1–5]deaths and 70 million [34–118]DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2–4]deaths and 82 million [59–109]DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1–4]deaths and 65 million [41–92]DALYs)were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates. Interpretation: This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
AB - Background: Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of major foods and nutrients across 195 countries and to quantify the impact of their suboptimal intake on NCD mortality and morbidity. Methods: By use of a comparative risk assessment approach, we estimated the proportion of disease-specific burden attributable to each dietary risk factor (also referred to as population attributable fraction)among adults aged 25 years or older. The main inputs to this analysis included the intake of each dietary factor, the effect size of the dietary factor on disease endpoint, and the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality. Then, by use of disease-specific population attributable fractions, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), we calculated the number of deaths and DALYs attributable to diet for each disease outcome. Findings: In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]10–12)deaths and 255 million (234–274)DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1–5]deaths and 70 million [34–118]DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2–4]deaths and 82 million [59–109]DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1–4]deaths and 65 million [41–92]DALYs)were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates. Interpretation: This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
KW - Dietary risks
KW - Global Burden of Disease survey
KW - suboptimal diet
KW - non-communicable diseases
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065230885&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30041-8
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30041-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 30954305
AN - SCOPUS:85065230885
SN - 0140-6736
VL - 393
SP - 1958
EP - 1972
JO - Lancet
JF - Lancet
IS - 10184
ER -