Impact of Core Geometry on Magnetic Forces in Electromagnetic Coil Systems

Magnetic levitation (maglev) technology has been widely applied in many fields due to its high efficiency and superior controllability. In maglev systems, to enhance magnetic forces generated in electromagnets, magnetic cores are often used by providing a low-reluctance flux path and increasing permeability. However, non-cylindrical magnetic core shapes are sometimes required due to design constraints or environmental limitations, such as space limitations, weight constraints and mechanical stress. Understanding the influence of magnetic core shape on force behaviours is necessary for optimizing the design of coil-based electromagnetic devices. In this study, the impact of magnetic core shape on the generation of magnetic forces in coil-permanent magnet systems under both coaxial and misaligned conditions was investigated. For this purpose, ANSYS simulation was used to analyse force behaviours across varying positional configurations for different core shapes, the experiments were conducted for validation. Sensitivity analysis of the magnetic force data identifies an optimal core shape that maximises efficiency. The findings offer valuable information about the relationship between core shape and magnetic force generation, providing a foundation for refining core designs in coil-based electromagnetic systems.