Implementing a self-management intervention for people with a chronic compensable musculoskeletal injury in a workers compensation context: A process evaluation

Purpose Determining factors critical for an intervention’s success, specifically for whom and under what circumstances, is necessary if interventions are to be effectively targeted and efficiently implemented. This paper describes a process evaluation undertaken to assess the implementation of a novel self-management (SM) intervention developed for those with a chronic compensable work-related musculoskeletal disorder seeking to return to work. Methods The process evaluation, assessing the ‘Self-Management for Return to Work’ intervention, examined data from program leader evaluations, telephone interviews with stakeholders (injured worker participants, vocational rehabilitation consultant program leaders and compensation insurance regulators), post-intervention focus group session feedback, attendance lists and researcher notes. Results The evaluation identified several challenges and barriers associated with conducting research within the VR environment and with the characteristics of those targeted i.e., injured workers with a chronic compensable condition. These issues were primary contributing factors to the modifications to the randomised controlled trial methodology and the trial’s premature cessation. Conclusions Despite the difficulties encountered, high stakeholder acceptability suggests that the concept and theory underlying the targeted SM intervention were not flawed, though there is room for further tailoring to both the program method and its timing. The results of this process evaluation provide a useful platform for others considering the implementation of interventions within the vocational rehabilitation context or with individuals with chronic, compensated injuries.