TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolic risk factors attributed burden in Iran at national and subnational levels, 1990 to 2019
AU - Moradi, Soroush
AU - Parsaei, Amirhossein
AU - Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi
AU - Aryannejad, Armin
AU - Azadnajafabad, Sina
AU - Rezaei, Negar
AU - Mashinchi, Baharnaz
AU - Esfahani, Zahra
AU - Shobeiri, Parnian
AU - Rezaei, Nazila
AU - GBD 2019 Iran MRF Collaborators
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - Larijani, Bagher
AU - Farzadfar, Farshad
AU - Aali, Amirali
AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab
AU - Abdollahi, Shima
AU - Absalan, Abdorrahim
AU - Afaghi, Siamak
AU - Ahmadi, Ali
AU - Ahmadi, Amir Moghadam
AU - Ahmadi, Sepideh
AU - Ajami, Marjan
AU - Akhlaghdoust, Meisam
AU - Alatab, Sudabeh
AU - Alimohamadi, Yousef
AU - Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad
AU - Amiri, Sohrab
AU - Anvari, Davood
AU - Arabloo, Jalal
AU - Askari, Elaheh
AU - Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin
AU - Avan, Abolfazl
AU - Azari, Samad
AU - Babamohamadi, Hassan
AU - Baghcheghi, Nayereh
AU - Bagherieh, Sara
AU - Baradaran, Hamid Reza
AU - Bashiri, Azadeh
AU - Dianatinasab, Mostafa
AU - Djalalinia, Shirin
AU - Dodangeh, Milad
AU - Dolatshahi, Mahsa
AU - Edalati, Sareh
AU - Farrokhpour, Hossein
AU - Fatehizadeh, Ali
AU - Ghadirian, Fataneh
AU - Ghashghaee, Ahmad
AU - Gholami, Ali
AU - Goleij, Pouya
AU - Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
AU - Hasani, Hamidreza
AU - Hassanipour, Soheil
AU - Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa
AU - Hessami, Kamran
AU - Hosseini, Kaveh
AU - Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar
AU - Hosseini, Seyed Kianoosh
AU - Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh
AU - Iravanpour, Farideh
AU - Irilouzadian, Rana
AU - Jamalpoor, Zahra
AU - Jamialahmadi, Tannaz
AU - Kabir, Ali
AU - Kaydi, Neda
AU - Kazemian, Sina
AU - Keykhaei, Mohammad
AU - Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif
AU - Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh
AU - Khateri, Sorour
AU - Kompani, Farzad
AU - Koohestani, Hamid Reza
AU - Mahjoub, Soleiman
AU - Mahmoodpoor, Ata
AU - Mahmoudimanesh, Marzieh
AU - Rad, Elaheh Malakan
AU - Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza
AU - Malekzadeh, Reza
AU - Mansournia, Mohammad Ali
AU - Marjani, Abdoljalal
AU - Mohammadi, Esmaeil
AU - Momtazmanesh, Sara
AU - Moradi, Maryam
AU - Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
AU - Moradpour, Farhad
AU - Morovatdar, Negar
AU - Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria
AU - Noori, Maryam
AU - Nouraei, Hasti
AU - Nowroozi, Ali
AU - Okati-Aliabad, Hassan
AU - Pourshams, Akram
AU - Rahimi, Mehran
AU - Rahmani, Shayan
AU - Rahmanian, Vahid
AU - Rashedi, Sina
AU - Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi
AU - Razeghian-Jahromi, Iman
AU - Rezaee, Malihe
AU - Sabzmakan, Leila
AU - Sadeghi, Erfan
AU - Sadeghi, Masoumeh
AU - Sadeghian, Saeid
AU - Sahebkar, Amirhossein
AU - Salimzadeh, Hamideh
AU - Sargazi, Saman
AU - Sarrafzadegan, Nizal
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G
AU - Shafeghat, Melika
AU - Shafie, Mahan
AU - Shahbandi, Ataollah
AU - Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba
AU - Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran
AU - Sharifi-Razavi, Athena
AU - Shorofi, Seyed Afshin
AU - Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir
AU - Tahamtan, Alireza
AU - Taheri, Majid
AU - Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad
AU - Vaziri, Siavash
AU - Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh
AU - Zahir, Mazyar
AU - Zangiabadian, Moein
AU - Zare, Iman
AU - Zareshahrabadi, Zahra
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Introduction: Metabolic risk factors (MRFs) predispose populations to a variety of chronic diseases with a huge burden globally. With the increasing burden of these risk factors in Iran, in this study, we aimed to report the estimated burden attributed to MRFs at national and subnational scales in Iran, from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Based on the comparative risk assessment method of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, data of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to four top MRFs in Iran including high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high body mass index (BMI), and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for the 1990–2019 period, were extracted. The socio-demographic index (SDI) was used to report the data based on the corresponding socio-economic stratifications. The results were reported in national and subnational 31 provinces of Iran to discover disparities regarding the attributable burden to MRFs. Furthermore, we reported the causes of diseases to which the attributable burden to MRFs was related. Results: Overall, the age-standardized high LDL, high SBP, high BMI, and high FPG-attributed death rate changed by −45.1, −35.6, +2.8, and +19.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. High SBP was the leading risk factor regarding attributed age-standardized death rates reaching 157.8 (95% uncertainty interval: 135.3–179.1) and DALY rates reaching 2973.4 (2652.2–3280.2) per 100,000 person-years, in 2019. All rates increased with aging, and men had higher rates except for the +70 years age group. At the subnational level, provinces in the middle SDI quintile had the highest death and DALY rates regarding all four MRFs. Total deaths, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs number by the causes of diseases linked to MRFs increased over the study period. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and kidney diseases were the main causes of burden of disease attributable to MRFs. Conclusion: Herein, we found divergent patterns regarding the burden of MRFs as well as disparities in different regions, sex, and age groups for each risk factor and related causes. This could provide policymakers with a clearer vision toward more appropriate decision-making and resource allocation to prevent the burden of MRFs in Iran.
AB - Introduction: Metabolic risk factors (MRFs) predispose populations to a variety of chronic diseases with a huge burden globally. With the increasing burden of these risk factors in Iran, in this study, we aimed to report the estimated burden attributed to MRFs at national and subnational scales in Iran, from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Based on the comparative risk assessment method of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, data of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to four top MRFs in Iran including high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high body mass index (BMI), and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for the 1990–2019 period, were extracted. The socio-demographic index (SDI) was used to report the data based on the corresponding socio-economic stratifications. The results were reported in national and subnational 31 provinces of Iran to discover disparities regarding the attributable burden to MRFs. Furthermore, we reported the causes of diseases to which the attributable burden to MRFs was related. Results: Overall, the age-standardized high LDL, high SBP, high BMI, and high FPG-attributed death rate changed by −45.1, −35.6, +2.8, and +19.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. High SBP was the leading risk factor regarding attributed age-standardized death rates reaching 157.8 (95% uncertainty interval: 135.3–179.1) and DALY rates reaching 2973.4 (2652.2–3280.2) per 100,000 person-years, in 2019. All rates increased with aging, and men had higher rates except for the +70 years age group. At the subnational level, provinces in the middle SDI quintile had the highest death and DALY rates regarding all four MRFs. Total deaths, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs number by the causes of diseases linked to MRFs increased over the study period. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and kidney diseases were the main causes of burden of disease attributable to MRFs. Conclusion: Herein, we found divergent patterns regarding the burden of MRFs as well as disparities in different regions, sex, and age groups for each risk factor and related causes. This could provide policymakers with a clearer vision toward more appropriate decision-making and resource allocation to prevent the burden of MRFs in Iran.
KW - cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - Global Burden of Disease
KW - hyperglycemia
KW - hyperlipidemia
KW - hypertension
KW - Iran
KW - obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85162150750&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149719
DO - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149719
M3 - Article
C2 - 37325329
AN - SCOPUS:85162150750
SN - 2296-2565
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 16
JO - Frontiers in Public Health
JF - Frontiers in Public Health
M1 - 1149719
ER -
