Modernist drama decried: Patrick White, spoiled identity, and failure as a 'Logic of use'

This article discusses a hitherto unexamined letter exchange between the author Patrick White and the theatre director John Sumner. It concerns the production by the Union Theatre Repertory Company of two White plays in the 1960s: The Season at Sarsaparilla (1962) and A Cheery Soul (1963). The aperture of the correspondence also takes in productions of The Ham Funeral (1961) and Night on Bald Mountain (1964) by the Adelaide University Theatre Guild in the same period. Thus it provides a seminal example of ‘failure’ in White’s five-year sojourn in Australian theatre from 1960 to 1965, a time when his four best-known plays were denounced by critics and rejected by audiences. By way of analysis, I deploy a range of interpretive concepts drawn from Erving Goffman’s Stigma (1963), most importantly the notions of ‘spoiled identity’ and ‘role discrepancy’. I define the social fact of failure as a certain relation between actual social identity, virtual social identity, personal identity and ego-identity. The article examines the White– Sumner correspondence to show how failure was managed as a job of work by a ‘logic of use’ pursuant to its being a likely outcome of staging one of White’s plays. In conclusion, it lists the features of a ‘logic of use’ and discusses the adaptive utility of failing in creative situations where the penalty to be paid – being designated ‘a failure’ – is both probable and heavy.