Abstract
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a clinical condition of the capitellum which occurs most commonly in the adolescent athletes especially in repetitive elbow activities such as gymnasts, pitchers, and swimmers. The lesion is localized to an area of the capitellar subchondral bone plate, which is only a single trabecular layer thick (100 μm). The area involved is supplied by end vessels from the lateral condyle. The subarticular venous plexus consists of parallel veins located in the gutters of the subchondral bone plate. With repeated trauma of throwing, the fracture fails to heal. Obstruction of the venous drainage will lead to localized ischemia, edema of the intraosseous fat, and subsequently a localized compartment syndrome of the bone. Failure of healing of the fragment leads to separation, loose body formation, and finally degenerative osteoarthritis.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Surgical Techniques for Trauma and Sports Related Injuries of the Elbow |
Editors | Gregory Bain, Denise Eygendaal, Roger P. van Riet |
Place of Publication | Berlin |
Publisher | Springer |
Chapter | 89 |
Pages | 671-676 |
Number of pages | 6 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9783662589311 |
ISBN (Print) | 9783662589304 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2020 |
Keywords
- Elbow
- Osteochondritis
- Pathogenesis
- Avascular necrosis