Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)

Amandine Luquiens; Morgane Guillou; Julie Giustiniani; Servane Barrault; Julie Caillon; Helena Delmas; Sophia Achab; Bruno Bento; Joël Billieux; Aymeric Brody; Paul Brunault; Gaëlle Challet-Bouju; Mariano Chóliz; Luke Clark; Aurélien Cornil; Jean Michel Costes; Gaetan Devos; Rosa Díaz; Ana Estevez; Giacomo Grassi; Anders Hakansson; Yasser Khazaal; Daniel L. King; Francisco Labrador; Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez; Philip Newall; José C. Perales; Aurélien Ribadier; Guillaume Sescousse; Stephen Sharman; Pierre Taquet; Isabelle Varescon; Cora Von Hammerstein; Thierry Bonjour; Lucia Romo; Marie Grall-Bronnec

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9

Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)

Amandine Luquiens
, Morgane Guillou
, Julie Giustiniani
, Servane Barrault
, Julie Caillon
, Helena Delmas
, Sophia Achab
, Bruno Bento
, Joël Billieux
, Aymeric Brody
, Paul Brunault
, Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
, Mariano Chóliz
, Luke Clark
, Aurélien Cornil
, Jean Michel Costes
, Gaetan Devos
, Rosa Díaz
, Ana Estevez
, Giacomo Grassi

Anders Hakansson, Yasser Khazaal, Daniel L. King, Francisco Labrador, Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez, Philip Newall, José C. Perales, Aurélien Ribadier, Guillaume Sescousse, Stephen Sharman, Pierre Taquet, Isabelle Varescon, Cora Von Hammerstein, Thierry Bonjour, Lucia Romo, Marie Grall-Bronnec

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.

Original language	English
Article number	22510
Number of pages	12
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	12
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9
Publication status	Published - 29 Dec 2022

Keywords

Human behaviour
Risk factors

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10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9Licence: CC BY

Final published versionFinal published version, 1.72 MBLicence: CC BY

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Luquiens, A., Guillou, M., Giustiniani, J., Barrault, S., Caillon, J., Delmas, H., Achab, S., Bento, B., Billieux, J., Brody, A., Brunault, P., Challet-Bouju, G., Chóliz, M., Clark, L., Cornil, A., Costes, J. M., Devos, G., Díaz, R., Estevez, A., ... Grall-Bronnec, M. (2022). Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study). Scientific Reports, 12(1), Article 22510. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9

@article{28e1277b64a6407a9249728c006ec81f,

title = "Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)",

abstract = "The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.",

keywords = "Human behaviour, Risk factors",

author = "Amandine Luquiens and Morgane Guillou and Julie Giustiniani and Servane Barrault and Julie Caillon and Helena Delmas and Sophia Achab and Bruno Bento and Jo{\"e}l Billieux and Aymeric Brody and Paul Brunault and Ga{\"e}lle Challet-Bouju and Mariano Ch{\'o}liz and Luke Clark and Aur{\'e}lien Cornil and Costes, \{Jean Michel\} and Gaetan Devos and Rosa D{\'i}az and Ana Estevez and Giacomo Grassi and Anders Hakansson and Yasser Khazaal and King, \{Daniel L.\} and Francisco Labrador and Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez and Philip Newall and Perales, \{Jos{\'e} C.\} and Aur{\'e}lien Ribadier and Guillaume Sescousse and Stephen Sharman and Pierre Taquet and Isabelle Varescon and \{Von Hammerstein\}, Cora and Thierry Bonjour and Lucia Romo and Marie Grall-Bronnec",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

day = "29",

doi = "10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Scientific Reports",

issn = "2045-2322",

publisher = "Nature Research",

number = "1",

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Luquiens, A, Guillou, M, Giustiniani, J, Barrault, S, Caillon, J, Delmas, H, Achab, S, Bento, B, Billieux, J, Brody, A, Brunault, P, Challet-Bouju, G, Chóliz, M, Clark, L, Cornil, A, Costes, JM, Devos, G, Díaz, R, Estevez, A, Grassi, G, Hakansson, A, Khazaal, Y, King, DL, Labrador, F, Lopez-Gonzalez, H, Newall, P, Perales, JC, Ribadier, A, Sescousse, G, Sharman, S, Taquet, P, Varescon, I, Von Hammerstein, C, Bonjour, T, Romo, L & Grall-Bronnec, M 2022, 'Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)', Scientific Reports, vol. 12, no. 1, 22510. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)

AU - Luquiens, Amandine

AU - Guillou, Morgane

AU - Giustiniani, Julie

AU - Barrault, Servane

AU - Caillon, Julie

AU - Delmas, Helena

AU - Achab, Sophia

AU - Bento, Bruno

AU - Billieux, Joël

AU - Brody, Aymeric

AU - Brunault, Paul

AU - Challet-Bouju, Gaëlle

AU - Chóliz, Mariano

AU - Clark, Luke

AU - Cornil, Aurélien

AU - Costes, Jean Michel

AU - Devos, Gaetan

AU - Díaz, Rosa

AU - Estevez, Ana

AU - Grassi, Giacomo

AU - Hakansson, Anders

AU - Khazaal, Yasser

AU - King, Daniel L.

AU - Labrador, Francisco

AU - Lopez-Gonzalez, Hibai

AU - Newall, Philip

AU - Perales, José C.

AU - Ribadier, Aurélien

AU - Sescousse, Guillaume

AU - Sharman, Stephen

AU - Taquet, Pierre

AU - Varescon, Isabelle

AU - Von Hammerstein, Cora

AU - Bonjour, Thierry

AU - Romo, Lucia

AU - Grall-Bronnec, Marie

PY - 2022/12/29

Y1 - 2022/12/29

N2 - The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.

AB - The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying the addictiveness of gambling products by laypeople. We conducted a three-step study: (1) use of a Delphi consensus method among 56 experts from 13 countries to reach a consensus on the 10 structural addictive characteristics of gambling products to be illustrated by pictograms and their associated definitions, (2) development of 10 pictograms and their definitions, and (3) study in the general population to assess the impact of exposure to the pictograms and their definitions (n = 900). French-speaking experts from the panel assessed the addictiveness of gambling products (n = 25), in which the mean of expert's ratings was considered as the true value. Participants were randomly provided with the pictograms and their definitions, or with a standard slogan, or with neither (control group). We considered the control group as representing the baseline ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products. Each group and the French-speaking experts rated the addictiveness of 14 gambling products. The judgment criterion was the intraclass coefficients (ICCs) between the mean ratings of each group and the experts, reflecting the level of agreement between each group and the experts. Exposure to the pictograms and their definition doubled the ability of laypeople to assess the addictiveness of gambling products compared with that of the group that read a slogan or the control group (ICC = 0.28 vs. 0.14 (Slogan) and 0.14 (Control)). Laypeople have limited awareness of the addictive characteristics of gambling products. The pictograms developed herein represent an innovative tool for universally empowering prevention and for selective prevention.

KW - Human behaviour

KW - Risk factors

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85145126845

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9

DO - 10.1038/s41598-022-26963-9

M3 - Article

C2 - 36581637

AN - SCOPUS:85145126845

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 12

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

IS - 1

M1 - 22510

ER -

Pictograms to aid laypeople in identifying the addictiveness of gambling products (PictoGRRed study)

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Keywords

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