TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of common sleep disorders in a middle-aged community sample
AU - McArdle, Nigel
AU - Reynolds, Amy
AU - Hillman, David
AU - Moses, Eric K.
AU - Maddison, Kathleen J.
AU - Melton, Phillip E.
AU - Eastwood, Peter
PY - 2022/6/1
Y1 - 2022/6/1
N2 - Study Objectives: There is a paucity of contemporary prevalence estimates for common sleep disorders of insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and restless legs syndrome. We aimed to assess the prevalence of clinically significant common sleep disorders in a middle-aged community sample. Methods: Parents of participants in the community-based Raine Study underwent assessments between 2015 and 2017, including comprehensive questionnaires, anthropometric measures, and in-laboratory polysomnography. Clinically significant sleep disorders were defined as chronic insomnia using the Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire–Insomnia with duration criterion ≥ 3 months; OSA as apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5 events/h with excessive sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 11) or apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15 events/h (even in the absence of symptoms); restless legs syndrome when participants endorsed the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group diagnostic criteria (2003) with symptoms ≥ 5 times/month involving moderate–severe distress. Results: At least 1 sleep-related assessment was completed by 1,005 (female = 586, 58.3%) middle-aged (45–65 years) participants, 72.5% of eligible Raine Study parents. The respective prevalences for clinically significant disease in females and males were as follows: OSA, 24.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.5–27.7) and 47.3% (95% CI: 42.2–53.4); insomnia, 15.8% (95% CI: 13.1–19.0) and 9.3% (95% CI: 6.8–12.4); restless legs syndrome, 3.7% (95% CI: 2.4–5.4) and 2.2% (95% CI: 1.1–3.9). At least 1 sleep disorder was present in 42.9% of those with complete data on all assessments (n = 895). Conclusions: Common sleep disorders are highly prevalent, to a clinically important extent, in an Australian community sample of middle-aged adults. Contemporary OSA prevalence is notably higher than previously reported and further work is needed to determine the communal impact of OSA.
AB - Study Objectives: There is a paucity of contemporary prevalence estimates for common sleep disorders of insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and restless legs syndrome. We aimed to assess the prevalence of clinically significant common sleep disorders in a middle-aged community sample. Methods: Parents of participants in the community-based Raine Study underwent assessments between 2015 and 2017, including comprehensive questionnaires, anthropometric measures, and in-laboratory polysomnography. Clinically significant sleep disorders were defined as chronic insomnia using the Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire–Insomnia with duration criterion ≥ 3 months; OSA as apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5 events/h with excessive sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 11) or apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15 events/h (even in the absence of symptoms); restless legs syndrome when participants endorsed the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group diagnostic criteria (2003) with symptoms ≥ 5 times/month involving moderate–severe distress. Results: At least 1 sleep-related assessment was completed by 1,005 (female = 586, 58.3%) middle-aged (45–65 years) participants, 72.5% of eligible Raine Study parents. The respective prevalences for clinically significant disease in females and males were as follows: OSA, 24.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.5–27.7) and 47.3% (95% CI: 42.2–53.4); insomnia, 15.8% (95% CI: 13.1–19.0) and 9.3% (95% CI: 6.8–12.4); restless legs syndrome, 3.7% (95% CI: 2.4–5.4) and 2.2% (95% CI: 1.1–3.9). At least 1 sleep disorder was present in 42.9% of those with complete data on all assessments (n = 895). Conclusions: Common sleep disorders are highly prevalent, to a clinically important extent, in an Australian community sample of middle-aged adults. Contemporary OSA prevalence is notably higher than previously reported and further work is needed to determine the communal impact of OSA.
KW - insomnia
KW - restless legs syndrome
KW - obstructive sleep apnea
KW - community prevalence
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/NHMRC/1084947
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/NHMRC/1021858
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/NHMRC/1027449
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/NHMRC/1044840
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/NHMRC/1136548
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128518240&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.5664/jcsm.9886
DO - 10.5664/jcsm.9886
M3 - Article
C2 - 35082023
AN - SCOPUS:85128518240
SN - 1550-9389
VL - 18
SP - 1503
EP - 1514
JO - Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
IS - 6
ER -