Public management reform in the post-NPM era: lessons from Malaysia's National Blue Ocean Strategy (NBOS)

Inspired by its private sector equivalent, Malaysia introduced the national blue ocean strategy (NBOS) in 2009 to provide a leap in value in public service delivery at a relatively low cost. Despite commendable progress, the implementation of the NBOS reform has some problems. These include governance structure, uptake by collaborating organizations and the relative knowledge and understanding of the NBOS at lower levels of the hierarchy. Nevertheless, the NBOS offers an important emergent paradigm of value innovation.