Abstract
The production effect refers to a memory advantage for items studied aloud over items studied silently. Ozubko and MacLeod (2010) used a list-discrimination task to support a distinctiveness account of the production effect over a strength account. We report new findings in this task-including negative production effects-that better fit with an attributional account of this task. According to the attributional account, list judgments are influenced by recognition memory, knowledge of the composition of the 2 lists, and a bias to attribute non-recognized items to the 1st list. Using a recognition task to eliminate these attributional influences revealed production effects consistent with either a distinctiveness or strength account. In our discussion, we consider whether the absence of production effects on implicit-memory tests and in between-group designs provides unequivocal support for a distinctiveness account over a strength account.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1711-1719 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition |
Volume | 38 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2012 |
Keywords
- Distinctiveness account
- List-discrimination task
- Production effect
- Recognition task
- Strength account