TY - JOUR
T1 - Small molecules demonstrate the role of dynamin as a bi-directional regulator of the exocytosis fusion pore and vesicle release
AU - Jackson, Jade
AU - Papadopulos, null
AU - Meunier, Frederic
AU - McCluskey, A
AU - Robinson, P
AU - Keating, Damien
PY - 2015/7/24
Y1 - 2015/7/24
N2 - Hormones and neurotransmitters are stored in specialised vesicles and released from excitable cells through exocytosis. During vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane, a transient fusion pore is created that enables transmitter release. The protein dynamin is known to regulate fusion pore expansion (FPE). The mechanism is unknown, but requires its oligomerisation-stimulated GTPase activity. We used a palette of small molecule dynamin modulators to reveal bi-directional regulation of FPE by dynamin and vesicle release in chromaffin cells. The dynamin inhibitors Dynole 34-2 and Dyngo 4a and the dynamin activator Ryngo 1-23 reduced or increased catecholamine released from single vesicles, respectively. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy demonstrated that dynamin stimulation with Ryngo 1-23 reduced the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY) kiss-and-run events, but not full fusion events, and slowed full fusion release kinetics. Amperometric stand-alone foot signals, representing transient kiss-and-run events, were less frequent but were of longer duration, similarly to full amperometric spikes and pre-spike foot signals. These effects are not due to alterations in vesicle size. Ryngo 1-23 action was blocked by inhibitors of actin polymerisation or myosin II. Therefore, we demonstrate using a novel pharmacological approach that dynamin not only controls FPE during exocytosis, but is a bi-directional modulator of the fusion pore that increases or decreases the amount released from a vesicle during exocytosis if it is activated or inhibited, respectively. As such, dynamin has the ability to exquisitely fine-tune transmitter release.
AB - Hormones and neurotransmitters are stored in specialised vesicles and released from excitable cells through exocytosis. During vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane, a transient fusion pore is created that enables transmitter release. The protein dynamin is known to regulate fusion pore expansion (FPE). The mechanism is unknown, but requires its oligomerisation-stimulated GTPase activity. We used a palette of small molecule dynamin modulators to reveal bi-directional regulation of FPE by dynamin and vesicle release in chromaffin cells. The dynamin inhibitors Dynole 34-2 and Dyngo 4a and the dynamin activator Ryngo 1-23 reduced or increased catecholamine released from single vesicles, respectively. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy demonstrated that dynamin stimulation with Ryngo 1-23 reduced the number of neuropeptide Y (NPY) kiss-and-run events, but not full fusion events, and slowed full fusion release kinetics. Amperometric stand-alone foot signals, representing transient kiss-and-run events, were less frequent but were of longer duration, similarly to full amperometric spikes and pre-spike foot signals. These effects are not due to alterations in vesicle size. Ryngo 1-23 action was blocked by inhibitors of actin polymerisation or myosin II. Therefore, we demonstrate using a novel pharmacological approach that dynamin not only controls FPE during exocytosis, but is a bi-directional modulator of the fusion pore that increases or decreases the amount released from a vesicle during exocytosis if it is activated or inhibited, respectively. As such, dynamin has the ability to exquisitely fine-tune transmitter release.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84932197423&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/mp.2015.56
DO - 10.1038/mp.2015.56
M3 - Article
VL - 20
SP - 810
EP - 819
JO - Molecular Psychiatry
JF - Molecular Psychiatry
SN - 1476-5578
IS - 7
ER -