TY - JOUR
T1 - Southern African glass beads: chemistry, glass sources and patterns of trade
AU - Robertshaw, Peter
AU - Wood, Marilee
AU - Melchiorre, Erik
AU - Popelka-Filcoff, Rachel
AU - Glascock, Michael
PY - 2010/8
Y1 - 2010/8
N2 - Three-hundred-and-sixty glass beads from 19 archaeological sites in southern Africa dating between about the 8th and 16th centuries AD were analyzed using LA-ICP-MS, determining 47 chemical elements. The eight different bead series, previously defined on morphological characteristics, possess different glass chemistries. Some bead series were made from plant-ash glasses, others from soda-alumina glasses. Zhizo series beads of the late 1st millennium AD were probably made from Iranian glass. Later bead series were made of glass probably manufactured in South Asia, though there are changes through time in both South Asian glass recipes and bead morphologies.
AB - Three-hundred-and-sixty glass beads from 19 archaeological sites in southern Africa dating between about the 8th and 16th centuries AD were analyzed using LA-ICP-MS, determining 47 chemical elements. The eight different bead series, previously defined on morphological characteristics, possess different glass chemistries. Some bead series were made from plant-ash glasses, others from soda-alumina glasses. Zhizo series beads of the late 1st millennium AD were probably made from Iranian glass. Later bead series were made of glass probably manufactured in South Asia, though there are changes through time in both South Asian glass recipes and bead morphologies.
KW - Beads
KW - Glass
KW - Glass chemistry
KW - ICP-MS
KW - Indian Ocean trade
KW - Southern Africa
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953958906&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jas.2010.02.016
DO - 10.1016/j.jas.2010.02.016
M3 - Article
VL - 37
SP - 1898
EP - 1912
JO - Journal of Archaeological Science
JF - Journal of Archaeological Science
SN - 0305-4403
IS - 8
ER -