Surgical Valvotomy and Repair for Neonatal and Infant Congenital Aortic Stenosis Achieves Better Results Than Interventional Catheterization

Javariah Siddiqui, Christian Brizard, John Galati, Ajay Iyengar, Darren Hutchinson, Igor Konstantinov, Gavin Wheaton, James Ramsay, Yves d'Udekem

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    118 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Objectives This study sought to compare outcomes after surgical valvuloplasty and balloon dilation of the aortic valve in neonates and infants. Background Surgical techniques of aortic valve repair have improved and there is today controversy on the best approach to treat neonatal congenital aortic valve stenosis. Methods Retrospective review of data and follow-up of 123 consecutive neonates and infants (35 females, 88 males) undergoing intervention for congenital aortic stenosis. Results From 1977 to 2009, 123 consecutive neonates (<30 days) and infants (31 days to 1 year) underwent relief of congenital aortic stenosis. Median age at procedure was 27 days (6 to 76 days). Twenty-year survival was 80 ± 7%. Fifty-four patients required a re-intervention and freedom from re-intervention was 55 ± 6% at 10 years and 40 ± 6% at 20 years. By multivariate analysis, having the relief of stenosis by balloon valvuloplasty and undergoing initial treatment as a neonate were predictive of re-intervention. Freedom from re-intervention at 5 years was 27% after balloon valvuloplasty versus 65% after surgery. At latest follow-up, an additional 16 patients had moderate or severe stenosis and 8 had regurgitation. Freedom from re-intervention or stenosis was 39 ± 5% at 15 years. By multivariate analysis, balloon valvuloplasty (p < 0.001) and treatment as a neonate (p = 0.003) were again predictive of stenosis or re-intervention. Thirty-five patients ultimately needed a valve replacement. Significant predictor of the requirement of valve replacement was unicuspid aortic valve (p < 0.001). Freedom from valve replacement was 55 ± 7% at 20 years. Conclusions Surgical valvuloplasty remains the best approach to treat neonates and infants with congenital aortic stenosis. After surgery, a higher proportion of patients remain free of re-intervention than after interventional catheterization and the relief of their stenosis lasts longer.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)2134-2140
    Number of pages7
    JournalJournal of The American College of Cardiology
    Volume62
    Issue number22
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 3 Dec 2013

    Keywords

    • aortic valve
    • congenital heart disease
    • surgery

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