The effect of dyshemoglobins on pulse oximetry: Part I, theoretical approach and part II, experimental results using an in vitro test system

Karen J. Reynolds, Eileen Palayiwa, John T.B. Moyle, M. Keith Sykes, Clive E.W. Hahn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Pulse oximeters are known to be inaccurate in the presence of elevated concentrations of carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin. This paper attempts to alleviate some of the confusion that exists between fractional and functional saturation, and to clarify the comparison of each with SpO2. A series of theoretical relationships between pulse oximeter reading (SpO2) and actual oxygen saturation (both fractional and functional) is derived using simple absorption theory. The theoretical relationships are checked using an experimental in vitro test system. This consists of a blood circuit containing a model finger, capable of simulating the pulsatile transmission signals through a real finger. Theoretical predictions and experimental results are compared and are found to agree well in the presence of carboxyhemoglobin, but less well with methemoglobin. Possible reasons are discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)81-90
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Clinical Monitoring
Volume9
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 1993
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Complications: carboxyhemoglobinemia; methemoglobinemia
  • Equipment: pulse oximeter

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