The Hungarian Adaptation and Validation of the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure

Purpose: This study aimed to adapt the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure (GMSR) in the Hungarian language and to examine its psychometric properties in a Hungarian sample of transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) adults. 

Methods: Data were collected from 205 Hungarian TGNC individuals (18–74 years; Mean = 29.49; Standard Deviation = 10.24) between September and November 2023. Participants completed the online survey battery including the demographic information form, the GMSR, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, 9-Item Version, and the relatedness satisfaction subscale of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale. Data were analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated for validity analyses. Cronbach alpha values were calculated for reliability. 

Results: Results from confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified, 9-factor, and 48-item Hungarian version of the GMSR adequately fit the data (root mean square error of approximation 90% confidence interval = 0.052 [0.047–0.057]; comparative fit index/Tucker–Lewis index = 0.905/0.895). Significant correlation coefficients lower than 0.60 were found between gender minority stress subscales of the GMSR and mental health measures (r = 0.14–0.38), and between resilience-related factors and relatedness satisfaction (r = 0.13–0.21), indicating evidence for criterion, convergent, and discriminant validity. The subscales were found to have adequate to good reliability scores (α = 0.62–0.89). 

Conclusion: Overall, results provided initial evidence that the 9-factor, 48-item Hungarian version of GMSR is a reliable and valid measure that can be used by researchers and clinicians working with the TGNC population to understand their minority stress and resilience experiences.