The roles of aridification and sea level changes in the diversification and persistence of freshwater fish lineages

Sean James Buckley, Chris Brauer, Peter J. Unmack, Michael P. Hammer, Luciano B. Beheregaray

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

While the influence of Pleistocene climatic changes on divergence and speciation has been well-documented across the globe, complex spatial interactions between hydrology and eustatics over longer timeframes may also determine species evolutionary trajectories. Within the Australian continent, glacial cycles were not associated with changes in ice cover and instead largely resulted in fluctuations from moist to arid conditions across the landscape. Here, we investigate the role of hydrological and coastal topographic changes brought about by Plio-Pleistocene climatic changes on the biogeographic history of a small Australian freshwater fish, the southern pygmy perch Nannoperca australis. Using 7,958 ddRAD-seq (double digest restriction-site associated DNA) loci and 45,104 filtered SNPs, we combined phylogenetic, coalescent and species distribution analyses to investigate the relative roles of aridification, sea level and tectonics and their associated biogeographic changes across southeast Australia. Sea-level changes since the Pliocene and reduction or disappearance of large waterbodies throughout the Pleistocene were determining factors in strong divergence across the clade, including the initial formation and maintenance of a cryptic species, N. ‘flindersi’. Isolated climatic refugia and fragmentation due to lack of connected waterways maintained the identity and divergence of inter- and intraspecific lineages. Our historical findings suggest that predicted increases in aridification and sea level due to anthropogenic climate change might result in markedly different demographic impacts, both spatially and across different landscape types.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4866-4883
Number of pages18
JournalMolecular Ecology
Volume30
Issue number19
Early online date15 Jul 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2021

Keywords

  • climate change
  • ddRAD
  • ecological genomics
  • phylogeography
  • southeast Australia
  • teleost

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