Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study

Michael G. Sawyer; Christy E. Reece; Kerrie Bowering; Debra Jeffs; Alyssa C.P. Sawyer; Jacqueline D. Peters; Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa; Jennifer J. Clark; Denise McDonald; Murthy N. Mittinty; John W. Lynch

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009967

Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study

Michael G. Sawyer, Christy E. Reece, Kerrie Bowering, Debra Jeffs, Alyssa C.P. Sawyer, Jacqueline D. Peters, Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa, Jennifer J. Clark, Denise McDonald, Murthy N. Mittinty, John W. Lynch

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Abstract

Objectives To identify factors predicting use, adherence and attrition with a nurse-moderated web-based group intervention designed to support mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. Design 9-Month observational study. Setting Community maternal and child health service. Participants 240 mothers attending initial postnatal health checks at community clinics who were randomly assigned to the intervention arm of a pragmatic preference randomised trial (total randomised controlled trial, n=819; response rate=45%). Intervention In the first week (phase I), mothers were assisted with their first website login by a research assistant. In weeks 2-7 (phase II), mothers participated in the web-based intervention with an expectation of weekly logins. The web-based intervention was comparable to traditional face-to-face new mothers' groups. During weeks 8-26 (phase III), mothers participated in an extended programme at a frequency of their choosing. Primary outcome measures Number of logins and posted messages. Standard self-report measures assessed maternal demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Results In phase II, the median number of logins was 9 logins (IQR=1-25), and in phase III, it was 10 logins (IQR=0-39). Incident risk ratios from multivariable analyses indicated that compared to mothers with the lowest third of logins in phase I, those with the highest third had 6.43 times as many logins in phase II and 7.14 times in phase III. Fifty per cent of mothers logged-in at least once every 30 days for 147 days after phase I and 44% logged-in at least once in the last 30 days of the intervention. Frequency of logins during phase I was a stronger predictor of mothers' level of engagement with the intervention than their demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Conclusions Mothers' early use of web-based interventions could be employed to customise engagement protocols to the circumstances of individual mothers with the aim of improving adherence and reducing attrition with web-based interventions.

Original language	English
Article number	e009967
Number of pages	11
Journal	BMJ Open
Volume	6
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009967
Publication status	Published - 5 Aug 2016
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Keywords

web-based group
maternal outcomes
level of engagement

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Sawyer_usage_P2016Final published version, 1.03 MBLicence: CC BY-NC

Cite this

Sawyer, M. G., Reece, C. E., Bowering, K., Jeffs, D., Sawyer, A. C. P., Peters, J. D., Mpundu-Kaambwa, C., Clark, J. J., McDonald, D., Mittinty, M. N., & Lynch, J. W. (2016). Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study. BMJ Open, 6(8), [e009967]. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009967

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title = "Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study",

abstract = "Objectives To identify factors predicting use, adherence and attrition with a nurse-moderated web-based group intervention designed to support mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. Design 9-Month observational study. Setting Community maternal and child health service. Participants 240 mothers attending initial postnatal health checks at community clinics who were randomly assigned to the intervention arm of a pragmatic preference randomised trial (total randomised controlled trial, n=819; response rate=45%). Intervention In the first week (phase I), mothers were assisted with their first website login by a research assistant. In weeks 2-7 (phase II), mothers participated in the web-based intervention with an expectation of weekly logins. The web-based intervention was comparable to traditional face-to-face new mothers' groups. During weeks 8-26 (phase III), mothers participated in an extended programme at a frequency of their choosing. Primary outcome measures Number of logins and posted messages. Standard self-report measures assessed maternal demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Results In phase II, the median number of logins was 9 logins (IQR=1-25), and in phase III, it was 10 logins (IQR=0-39). Incident risk ratios from multivariable analyses indicated that compared to mothers with the lowest third of logins in phase I, those with the highest third had 6.43 times as many logins in phase II and 7.14 times in phase III. Fifty per cent of mothers logged-in at least once every 30 days for 147 days after phase I and 44% logged-in at least once in the last 30 days of the intervention. Frequency of logins during phase I was a stronger predictor of mothers' level of engagement with the intervention than their demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Conclusions Mothers' early use of web-based interventions could be employed to customise engagement protocols to the circumstances of individual mothers with the aim of improving adherence and reducing attrition with web-based interventions.",

keywords = "web-based group, maternal outcomes, level of engagement",

author = "Sawyer, {Michael G.} and Reece, {Christy E.} and Kerrie Bowering and Debra Jeffs and Sawyer, {Alyssa C.P.} and Peters, {Jacqueline D.} and Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa and Clark, {Jennifer J.} and Denise McDonald and Mittinty, {Murthy N.} and Lynch, {John W.}",

note = "This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",

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doi = "10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009967",

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Sawyer, MG, Reece, CE, Bowering, K, Jeffs, D, Sawyer, ACP, Peters, JD, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Clark, JJ, McDonald, D, Mittinty, MN & Lynch, JW 2016, 'Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study', BMJ Open, vol. 6, no. 8, e009967. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009967

TY - JOUR

T1 - Usage, adherence and attrition

T2 - How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study

AU - Sawyer, Michael G.

AU - Reece, Christy E.

AU - Bowering, Kerrie

AU - Jeffs, Debra

AU - Sawyer, Alyssa C.P.

AU - Peters, Jacqueline D.

AU - Mpundu-Kaambwa, Christine

AU - Clark, Jennifer J.

AU - McDonald, Denise

AU - Mittinty, Murthy N.

AU - Lynch, John W.

N1 - This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

PY - 2016/8/5

Y1 - 2016/8/5

N2 - Objectives To identify factors predicting use, adherence and attrition with a nurse-moderated web-based group intervention designed to support mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. Design 9-Month observational study. Setting Community maternal and child health service. Participants 240 mothers attending initial postnatal health checks at community clinics who were randomly assigned to the intervention arm of a pragmatic preference randomised trial (total randomised controlled trial, n=819; response rate=45%). Intervention In the first week (phase I), mothers were assisted with their first website login by a research assistant. In weeks 2-7 (phase II), mothers participated in the web-based intervention with an expectation of weekly logins. The web-based intervention was comparable to traditional face-to-face new mothers' groups. During weeks 8-26 (phase III), mothers participated in an extended programme at a frequency of their choosing. Primary outcome measures Number of logins and posted messages. Standard self-report measures assessed maternal demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Results In phase II, the median number of logins was 9 logins (IQR=1-25), and in phase III, it was 10 logins (IQR=0-39). Incident risk ratios from multivariable analyses indicated that compared to mothers with the lowest third of logins in phase I, those with the highest third had 6.43 times as many logins in phase II and 7.14 times in phase III. Fifty per cent of mothers logged-in at least once every 30 days for 147 days after phase I and 44% logged-in at least once in the last 30 days of the intervention. Frequency of logins during phase I was a stronger predictor of mothers' level of engagement with the intervention than their demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Conclusions Mothers' early use of web-based interventions could be employed to customise engagement protocols to the circumstances of individual mothers with the aim of improving adherence and reducing attrition with web-based interventions.

AB - Objectives To identify factors predicting use, adherence and attrition with a nurse-moderated web-based group intervention designed to support mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. Design 9-Month observational study. Setting Community maternal and child health service. Participants 240 mothers attending initial postnatal health checks at community clinics who were randomly assigned to the intervention arm of a pragmatic preference randomised trial (total randomised controlled trial, n=819; response rate=45%). Intervention In the first week (phase I), mothers were assisted with their first website login by a research assistant. In weeks 2-7 (phase II), mothers participated in the web-based intervention with an expectation of weekly logins. The web-based intervention was comparable to traditional face-to-face new mothers' groups. During weeks 8-26 (phase III), mothers participated in an extended programme at a frequency of their choosing. Primary outcome measures Number of logins and posted messages. Standard self-report measures assessed maternal demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Results In phase II, the median number of logins was 9 logins (IQR=1-25), and in phase III, it was 10 logins (IQR=0-39). Incident risk ratios from multivariable analyses indicated that compared to mothers with the lowest third of logins in phase I, those with the highest third had 6.43 times as many logins in phase II and 7.14 times in phase III. Fifty per cent of mothers logged-in at least once every 30 days for 147 days after phase I and 44% logged-in at least once in the last 30 days of the intervention. Frequency of logins during phase I was a stronger predictor of mothers' level of engagement with the intervention than their demographic and psychosocial characteristics. Conclusions Mothers' early use of web-based interventions could be employed to customise engagement protocols to the circumstances of individual mothers with the aim of improving adherence and reducing attrition with web-based interventions.

KW - web-based group

KW - maternal outcomes

KW - level of engagement

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Usage, adherence and attrition: How new mothers engage with a nurse-moderated web-based intervention to support maternal and infant health. A 9-month observational study

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