Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaO2/FiO2 Ratio on Admission in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Elisabetta Zinellu; Angelo Zinellu; Michela Merella; Arduino A. Mangoni; Maria Carmina Pau; Sara S. Fois; Alessandro G. Fois; Ciriaco Carru; Pietro Pirina

doi:10.3390/vaccines10091424

Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaO₂/FiO₂ Ratio on Admission in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

Elisabetta Zinellu, Angelo Zinellu, Michela Merella, Arduino A. Mangoni, Maria Carmina Pau, Sara S. Fois, Alessandro G. Fois, Ciriaco Carru, Pietro Pirina

College of Medicine and Public Health

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Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce the risk of severe disease and mortality. However, the association between vaccination status and number of doses and the PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, a clinical measure of hypoxemia associated with an increased risk of intensive care treatment and mortality, has not been investigated.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 116 patients admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between January and April 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected within 24 h from admission.

Results: There was a significant positive relationship between the number of vaccine doses and the PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio (r = 0.223, p = 0.012). This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Vaccinated patients had significantly higher PaO₂/FiO₂ ratios than the unvaccinated (median: 250; IQR: 195–309 vs. 200; IQR: 156–257, p = 0.013).

Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of the number of vaccine doses received in reducing the degree of hypoxia on admission in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Original language	English
Article number	1424
Number of pages	11
Journal	Vaccines
Volume	10
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091424
Publication status	Published - Sept 2022

Keywords

COVID-19
hospitalized patients
P/F ratio
vaccine doses received

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10.3390/vaccines10091424Licence: CC BY

Final published versionFinal published version, 673 KBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaO2/FiO2 Ratio on Admission in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients",

abstract = "Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce the risk of severe disease and mortality. However, the association between vaccination status and number of doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, a clinical measure of hypoxemia associated with an increased risk of intensive care treatment and mortality, has not been investigated. Methods: We retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 116 patients admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between January and April 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected within 24 h from admission. Results: There was a significant positive relationship between the number of vaccine doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (r = 0.223, p = 0.012). This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Vaccinated patients had significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratios than the unvaccinated (median: 250; IQR: 195–309 vs. 200; IQR: 156–257, p = 0.013). Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of the number of vaccine doses received in reducing the degree of hypoxia on admission in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.",

keywords = "COVID-19, hospitalized patients, P/F ratio, vaccine doses received",

author = "Elisabetta Zinellu and Angelo Zinellu and Michela Merella and Mangoni, {Arduino A.} and Pau, {Maria Carmina} and Fois, {Sara S.} and Fois, {Alessandro G.} and Ciriaco Carru and Pietro Pirina",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

doi = "10.3390/vaccines10091424",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "Vaccines",

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T1 - Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaO2/FiO2 Ratio on Admission in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

AU - Zinellu, Elisabetta

AU - Zinellu, Angelo

AU - Merella, Michela

AU - Mangoni, Arduino A.

AU - Pau, Maria Carmina

AU - Fois, Sara S.

AU - Fois, Alessandro G.

AU - Carru, Ciriaco

AU - Pirina, Pietro

PY - 2022/9

Y1 - 2022/9

N2 - Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce the risk of severe disease and mortality. However, the association between vaccination status and number of doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, a clinical measure of hypoxemia associated with an increased risk of intensive care treatment and mortality, has not been investigated. Methods: We retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 116 patients admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between January and April 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected within 24 h from admission. Results: There was a significant positive relationship between the number of vaccine doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (r = 0.223, p = 0.012). This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Vaccinated patients had significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratios than the unvaccinated (median: 250; IQR: 195–309 vs. 200; IQR: 156–257, p = 0.013). Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of the number of vaccine doses received in reducing the degree of hypoxia on admission in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

AB - Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce the risk of severe disease and mortality. However, the association between vaccination status and number of doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, a clinical measure of hypoxemia associated with an increased risk of intensive care treatment and mortality, has not been investigated. Methods: We retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 116 patients admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between January and April 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected within 24 h from admission. Results: There was a significant positive relationship between the number of vaccine doses and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (r = 0.223, p = 0.012). This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Vaccinated patients had significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratios than the unvaccinated (median: 250; IQR: 195–309 vs. 200; IQR: 156–257, p = 0.013). Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of the number of vaccine doses received in reducing the degree of hypoxia on admission in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

KW - COVID-19

KW - hospitalized patients

KW - P/F ratio

KW - vaccine doses received

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DO - 10.3390/vaccines10091424

M3 - Article

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Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaO₂/FiO₂ Ratio on Admission in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

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