XPS and NEXAFS study of fluorine modified TiO2 nano-ovoids reveals dependence of Ti3+ surface population on the modifying agent

Jan-Yves Ruzicka; Faridah Bakar; Lars Thomsen; Bruce Cowie; Campbell McNicoll; Tim Kemmitt; Helen Brand; B Ingham; Gunther Andersson; Vladimir Golovko

doi:10.1039/c3ra47652a

XPS and NEXAFS study of fluorine modified TiO2 nano-ovoids reveals dependence of Ti3+ surface population on the modifying agent

Jan-Yves Ruzicka, Faridah Bakar, Lars Thomsen, Bruce Cowie, Campbell McNicoll, Tim Kemmitt, Helen Brand, B Ingham, Gunther Andersson, Vladimir Golovko

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Crystalline titanium dioxide was synthesised under mild conditions by the thermal degradation of peroxotitanic acid in the presence of a number of fluoride-containing surface modifying agents (NH₄F, NH ₄BF₄, NH₄PF₆, NBu₄F, NBu₄BF₄, NBu₄PF₆). The resulting materials were characterised by PXRD, SEM, HRTEM, XPS and NEXAFS. Particle phase, size, and surface area were noticeably affected by the choice of surface modifying agent. Both the cation and anion comprising the modifying agent affect the surface Ti³⁺ population of the materials, with two apparent trends observed: F^- > BF₄^- > PF ₆^- and NBu₄⁺ > NH ₄⁺. All materials displayed evidence of fluorine doping on their surfaces, although no evidence of bulk doping was observed. This journal is

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	20649-20658
Number of pages	10
Journal	RSC Advances
Volume	4
Issue number	40
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra47652a
Publication status	Published - 2014

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title = "XPS and NEXAFS study of fluorine modified TiO2 nano-ovoids reveals dependence of Ti3+ surface population on the modifying agent",

abstract = "Crystalline titanium dioxide was synthesised under mild conditions by the thermal degradation of peroxotitanic acid in the presence of a number of fluoride-containing surface modifying agents (NH4F, NH 4BF4, NH4PF6, NBu4F, NBu4BF4, NBu4PF6). The resulting materials were characterised by PXRD, SEM, HRTEM, XPS and NEXAFS. Particle phase, size, and surface area were noticeably affected by the choice of surface modifying agent. Both the cation and anion comprising the modifying agent affect the surface Ti3+ population of the materials, with two apparent trends observed: F- > BF4- > PF 6- and NBu4+ > NH 4+. All materials displayed evidence of fluorine doping on their surfaces, although no evidence of bulk doping was observed. This journal is",

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T1 - XPS and NEXAFS study of fluorine modified TiO2 nano-ovoids reveals dependence of Ti3+ surface population on the modifying agent

AU - Ruzicka, Jan-Yves

AU - Bakar, Faridah

AU - Thomsen, Lars

AU - Cowie, Bruce

AU - McNicoll, Campbell

AU - Kemmitt, Tim

AU - Brand, Helen

AU - Ingham, B

AU - Andersson, Gunther

AU - Golovko, Vladimir

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

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AB - Crystalline titanium dioxide was synthesised under mild conditions by the thermal degradation of peroxotitanic acid in the presence of a number of fluoride-containing surface modifying agents (NH4F, NH 4BF4, NH4PF6, NBu4F, NBu4BF4, NBu4PF6). The resulting materials were characterised by PXRD, SEM, HRTEM, XPS and NEXAFS. Particle phase, size, and surface area were noticeably affected by the choice of surface modifying agent. Both the cation and anion comprising the modifying agent affect the surface Ti3+ population of the materials, with two apparent trends observed: F- > BF4- > PF 6- and NBu4+ > NH 4+. All materials displayed evidence of fluorine doping on their surfaces, although no evidence of bulk doping was observed. This journal is

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XPS and NEXAFS study of fluorine modified TiO2 nano-ovoids reveals dependence of Ti3+ surface population on the modifying agent

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